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Vocapedia > USA > U.S. Constitution
Thirteenth Amendment 1865
Abolition of slavery
thirteenth Amendment
Ratified in 1865, the amendment states in full:
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/30/movies/13th-review-ava-duvernay.html
Approval in the House on Jan. 31, 1865, trailed the amendment’s passage in the Senate on April 8, 1864, by almost 10 months.
Its adoption by 27 states the following December introduced the word “slavery” into the Constitution for the first time. http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/08/the-birth-of-the-13th-amendment/
http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/08/
The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution officially abolished slavery in America, and was ratified on December 6, 1865, after the conclusion of the American Civil War.
The amendment states: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”
When the American Civil War (1861-65) began, President Abraham Lincoln (1809-65) carefully framed the conflict as concerning the preservation of the Union rather than the abolition of slavery.
Although he personally found the practice of slavery abhorrent, he knew that neither Northerners nor the residents of the border slave states would support abolition as a war aim.
However, by mid-1862, as thousands of slaves fled to join the invading Northern armies, Lincoln was convinced that abolition had become a sound military strategy, as well as the morally correct path.
On September 22, soon after the Union victory at the Battle of Antietam in Maryland, he issued a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that as of January 1, 1863, all slaves in the rebellious states “shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.”
While the Emancipation Proclamation did not free a single slave (there were an estimated 800,000 slaves in border states and some 3 million more in Confederate states), it was an important turning point in the war, transforming the fight to preserve the nation into a battle for human freedom. http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/thirteenth-amendment
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/13thamendment.html http://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/document.html http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/thirteenth-amendment http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/13th-amendment-ratified
https://www.npr.org/2020/12/03/
http://www.npr.org/2016/10/07/
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/30/
http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/04/08/
http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/01/31/
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