Vocapedia >
Space > Astronomy >
Telescopes, space probes, spacecraft, spacecraft
VIDEO
Einstein's Telescope
Video Out There | The New
York Times 5 March 2015
A century after Albert Einstein
proposed
that gravity could bend light,
astronomers now rely on galaxies
or even
clusters of galaxies to magnify distant stars.
Produced by:
Jason Drakeford, Jonathan Corum
and Dennis Overbye
Read the story here:
http://nyti.ms/18moSty
YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSwjjgfFyAg
Illustration: Guy Billout
Outer Space Just Got a Little Brighter
The universe is not as black as astronomers
once thought.
NYT
Dec. 8, 2020
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/08/
science/astronomy-cosmos-blackness.html
astrophysicist
UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/blog/audio/2009/oct/05/
science-weekly-podcast-astronomy
astronomy
UK
https://www.theguardian.com/science/astronomy
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/jan/05/
astronomy-hobby
Astronomy Photographer of the Year 2012 – in pictures
7 September 2012
This year's Astronomy Photographer of the Year,
run by the Royal Observatory Greenwich
in association with Sky at Night
Magazine,
received a record number of entries
from amateurs
and professional photographers
from around the globe.
The awards
will be announced
on 19 September
and an exhibition
of the winning entries
will open at the observatory
on 20
September
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/gallery/2012/sep/07/
astronomy-photographer-year-2012-pictures
astronomy > Geoffrey Burbidge
USA
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/07/
science/space/07burbidge.html
astronomer UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/jul/15/
neptune-moon-discovered
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/oct/16/
earth-like-planet-alpha-centauri
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/nov/18/
wandering-star-planet-galaxy
astronomer USA
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/04/
575399319/astronomers-find-huge-stars-more-common-than-previously-thought
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/10/26/
560278537/scientists-spot-first-alien-space-rock-in-our-solar-system
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/22/
516431116/astronomers-find-7-earth-sized-planets-around-a-nearby-star
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/18/
515810147/have-spare-time-try-to-discover-a-planet
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/29/
507382675/astronomers-seeking-planet-9-hope-to-soon-catch-a-glimpse
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/01/20/
463087037/hints-of-a-hidden-distant-planet-in-our-solar-system
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/02/26/
389250817/astronomers-discover-a-supermassive-black-hole-dating-to-cosmic-dawn
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/
science/finder-of-new-worlds.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/11/
science/space/the-archaeology-of-the-stars.html
astronomer > Brian Geoffrey Marsden
1937-2010
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/23/us/
23marsden.html
solar astronomer > John A. Eddy
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/18/us/
18eddy.html
online / amateur astronomer
UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/jul/21/
jupiter-scar-comet-asteroid-crash
http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/space/2007-01-15-
amateur-astronomers_x.htm
American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society
is the major organization of professional
astronomers
in North America.
The AAS was established in 1899
and based in Washington, DC.
https://aas.org/
astrobiologists
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/19/
science/venus-planets-microbes-life.html
planetary scientists
USA
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/07/23/
425631594/kepler-telescope-introduces-earth-to-a-very-distant-cousin
our solar system > dwarf planet > V774104
USA
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/11/11/
455643251/astronomers-spot-most-distant-object-in-the-solar-system
discover
USA
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/18/
515810147/have-spare-time-try-to-discover-a-planet
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/02/26/
389250817/astronomers-discover-a-supermassive-black-hole-dating-to-cosmic-dawn
discoverer USA
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/01/28/
382178361/charles-townes-laser-inventor-black-hole-discoverer-dies-at-99
spot
UK / USA
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/11/11/
455643251/astronomers-spot-most-distant-object-in-the-solar-system
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/nov/18/
wandering-star-planet-galaxy
observatory USA
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/22/
science/space/more-eyes-on-the-skies.html
array of observatories
USA
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/20/us/
20whipple.html
Deep Space Climate Observatory (Dscovr) satellite
– hanging in gravitational balance
between the Earth and the sun
– UK
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jul/21/
earth-from-a-million-miles-away-dscovr-satellite-returns-groundbreaking-picture
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/feb/08/
spacex-ocean-landing-dscovr-satellite-launch
space telescope USA
https://www.npr.org/2018/02/08/
583693730/how-to-pack-a-space-telescope
NASA’s Spitzer space telescope /
also known as the Space Infrared
Telescope Facility
launched on Aug. 25, 2003 - February 2020
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/30/
science/nasa-spitzer-space-telescope.html
telescope USA
https://www.npr.org/2019/08/02/
747260660/chile-and-telescopes-are-a-match-made-in-heaven
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/30/
499751470/nasas-new-intruder-alert-system-spots-an-incoming-asteroid
http://www.npr.org/2015/04/21/
400390724/construction-of-giant-telescope-in-hawaii-draws-natives-ire
http://www.npr.org/2015/02/02/
382276026/hunting-for-big-planets-far-beyond-pluto-may-soon-be-easier
http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/11/
what-our-telescopes-couldnt-see/
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/12/30/
science/astronomy-s-new-grail-the-1-billion-telescope.html
Event Horizon Telescope USA
https://eventhorizontelescope.org/
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/28/
science/black-hole-rings.html
USA > Hawaii > Subaru telescope
USA
https://www.subarutelescope.org/index.html
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/29/
507382675/astronomers-seeking-planet-9-hope-to-soon-catch-a-glimpse
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/11/11/
455643251/astronomers-spot-most-distant-object-in-the-solar-system
Chile > Extremely Large Telescope
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/jun/18/
astronomy-extremely-large-telescope-e-elt-chile-life-other-planets
Chile > Very Large Telescope
USA
http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/05/01/
403567453/pillars-of-creation-may-be-gone-in-an-eye-blink-in-cosmic-time
Bicep telescope UK
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/mar/17/
gravitational-waves-bicep-inflation-big-bang
Magellan Telescope USA
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/11/
science/space/the-archaeology-of-the-stars.html
Keck telescope - Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano in Hawaii
http://www.keckobservatory.org/
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/oct/23/
most-distant-galaxy-star-factory
Sentinel teslescope
UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/feb/15/
meteor-strike-asteroid-pass-sentinel-telescope
The European-Russian
ExoMars spacecraft > release a lander
USA
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/10/16/
science/space/mars-exomars-spacecraft-arrives.html
telescope > NASA's Kepler spacecraft / planet-hunting spacecraft
searching for habitable
planets
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/
kepler/main/index.html
https://www.npr.org/2018/11/04/
664103262/lulus-log-the-legacy-of-kepler-space
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/jun/13/
new-jupiter-like-planet-is-largest-yet-discovered-orbiting-two-stars-kepler-1647b
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/may/10/
new-planets-discovered-nasa-kepler-space-telescope
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/apr/11/
nasa-re-establishes-solid-contact-with-kepler-spacecraft
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/24/
science/space/kepler-data-reveals-what-might-be-best-goldilocks-planet-yet.html
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/07/23/
425631594/kepler-telescope-introduces-earth-to-a-very-distant-cousin
http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/04/29/
403066358/welcome-to-the-neighborhood-2-super-earths-discovered
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/apr/17/
planet-earth-like-discovered-kepler-186f
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/feb/27/
nasa-finds-new-planets
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/16/
science/space/nasas-kepler-mended-but-may-never-fully-recover.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/may/16/
kepler-space-telescope-nasa
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/science/space/keplers-tally-of-planets.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/19/
science/space/2-new-planets-are-most-earth-like-yet-scientists-say.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/
science/space/31planet.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2011/01/31/
science/space/planet.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/27/
science/space/27planet.html
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/science.1195778
spaceship > SpaceX Crew Drago USA
https://www.npr.org/2020/05/26/
858043994/new-spaceship-prepares-to-blast-off-and-make-history
spaceship > Voyagers USA
http://www.npr.org/2017/09/30/
554489944/the-voyager-golden-record-finally-finds-an-earthly-audience
Lick Observatory in California > Automated Planet Finder
USA
https://www.ucolick.org/public/telescopes/apf.html
http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/04/29/
403066358/welcome-to-the-neighborhood-2-super-earths-discovered
Planck telescope UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/mar/21/
planck-telescope-light-big-bang-universe
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/jul/05/
planck-telescope-postcard-universe
radio telescope UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/jul/05/
uk-search-alien-intelligence
radio telescope
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/31/
science/radio-signal-extraterrestrial.html
Atacama Large Millimeter Array, or ALMA,
a radio telescope in Chile
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/20/
science/galaxy-early-universe-astronomy.html
William E. Gordon > Arecibo Observatory
the world’s largest
radio telescope USA
2010
http://outreach.naic.edu/ao/landing
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/us/
28gordon.html
X-ray telescope
NuSTAR X-ray observatory
USA
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/06/13/
154931727/video-airborne-launch-sends-x-ray-observatory-into-earth-orbit
Fuse USA
- short for Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic
Explorer
ultraviolet light-detecting space telescope
https://fuse.pha.jhu.edu/
infrared instrument UK
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/oct/23/
most-distant-galaxy-star-factory
infrared telescope UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/jul/21/
jupiter-scar-comet-asteroid-crash
infrared light USA
http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2009/09/09/
science/0909HUBBLE_5.html
visible light USA
http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2009/09/09/
science/0909HUBBLE_5.html
short ultraviolet wavelengths
radiotelescope
electromagnetic spectrum
gamma rays
https://www.nasa.gov/content/
fermi-gamma-ray-space-telescope
USA > NASA
Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope
(Glast) telescope UK / USA 2008
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/12/
science/space/12gamma.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/jun/11/
starsgalaxiesandplanets.particlephysics
radio waves USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/31/
science/radio-signal-extraterrestrial.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/29/
obituaries/ruby-payne-scott-overlooked.html
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/05/
508354203/mystery-radio-waves-are-coming-from-a-dwarf-galaxy-far-far-away-scientists-say
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/02/24/
467975762/in-a-far-off-galaxy-a-clue-to-whats-causing-
strange-bursts-of-radio-waves
orbiting observatory
orbiting telescopes
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/nov/22/
gamma-ray-burst-monster-explosion
Radio telescope makes space
history UK 14 May 1960
The British radio telescope
at
Jodrell Bank in Cheshire
has set a new space record
making contact
with the American
Pioneer V satellite
at a distance
of 407,000 miles.
The previous record,
about
290,000 miles,
was set by
the Soviet satellite Lunik III,
which photographed
the back of the Moon
last year.
Jodrell first made contact
with Pioneer V
after it went into orbit
around the
Sun,
between the paths
of Earth and Venus.
The American satellite
was launched
from Cape Canaveral in Florida
three days
ago on 11 March.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/14/
newsid_2566000/2566961.stm
NASA/ESA
probe > Solar Orbiter USA
https://www.npr.org/2020/02/07/
802700157/polar-express-new-spacecraft-will-explore-elusive-parts-of-the-sun
explore
USA
https://www.npr.org/2020/02/07/
802700157/polar-express-new-spacecraft-will-explore-elusive-parts-of-the-sun
NASA's Parker Solar Probe UK/
USA
https://www.npr.org/2019/12/04/
784761596/probe-gets-close-to-the-sun-finds-rogue-plasma-waves-and-flipping-magnetic-field
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/aug/10/
mission-to-touch-the-sun-nasa-to-launch-parker-solar-probe
probe > NASA
NASA Plans To Launch A Probe Next
Year To 'Touch The Sun' USA
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/05/31/
530743287/nasa-plans-to-launch-a-probe-next-year-to-touch-the-sun
NASA’s Voyager Probes USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/03/
magazine/the-loyal-engineers-steering-nasas-voyager-probes-across-the-universe.html
Voyager
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/05/
opinion/pondering-voyagers-interstellar-journeys-and-our-own.html
probe > Lisa Pathfinder >
gravitational waves
https://sci.esa.int/web/lisa-pathfinder/
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/nov/21/
satellite-to-solve-einstein-last-theory
probe / spacecraft > NASA >
Cassini USA
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/cassini/overview/
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/10/27/
452299131/nasa-spacecraft-skims-past-saturns-icy-moon
probe > NASA’s Dawn spacecraft
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/dawn/main/index.html
http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/03/06/
391028906/nasa-probe-to-arrive-at-dwarf-planet
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/01/13/
science/space/photos-of-ceres-from-nasa-dawn.html
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/mar/01/
dawn-ceres-nasa-probe-enter-dwarf-planet-orbit
NASA > Messenger
USA
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/messenger/main/index.html
http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/04/30/
403279933/kill-the-messenger-nasa-orbiter-set-to-crash-into-mercury-thursday
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/04/30/
science/space/messenger-collides-with-mercury.html
ESA > lander > Philae
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/15/
world/philae-spacecraft-reawakens-on-a-speeding-comet-with-data-for-scientists.html
NASA spacecraft / robotic probe > New Horizons - launched in 2006 UK / USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/08/
science/astronomy-cosmos-blackness.html
https://www.npr.org/2019/01/01/
681414470/4-billion-miles-from-the-sun-a-spacecraft-sends-early-pictures-of-a-tiny-planet
https://www.npr.org/2018/12/31/
675722234/way-beyond-pluto-an-icy-world-is-ready-for-its-close-up
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/30/
science/nasa-new-horizons-kuiper-belt.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/29/
science/nasa-new-horizons.html
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/11/
584944598/photos-these-images-were-captured-nearly-3-8-billion-miles-from-earth
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/19/
us/the-long-strange-trip-to-pluto-and-how-nasa-nearly-missed-it.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/18/
science/space/pluto-terrain-yields-big-surprises-in-new-horizons-images.html
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jul/04/
nasa-probe-new-horizons-pluto-charon
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/apr/11/
pluto-new-horizons-spaceship-epic-encounter-planet
space probe / spacecraft
UK
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/jul/01/
juno-space-probe-prepares-to-arrive-at-jupiter-after-five-years-and-18m-miles-nasa
Nasa’s spacecraft > Juno space probe
UK
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/jul/01/
juno-space-probe-prepares-to-arrive-at-jupiter-after-five-years-and-18m-miles-nasa
Rosetta space probe
UK
https://www.theguardian.com/science/rosetta-space-probe
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jul/30/
rosetta-probe-studies-released-revealing-fullest-picture-of-comet-yet
Time Covers - The 50S
TIME cover 12-08-1952
Space Pioneer
w. artist's rendering of future space
exploration vessel
Date taken: December 8, 1952
Photographer: Boris Artzybasheff
Life Image
http://images.google.com/hosted/life/3397e86687427e33.html
Related
Time
Vol. LX No. 23
December 8, 1952
http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,1101521208,00.html
Lights on Earth Impede
Arizona’s Eyes on Space
May 19, 2011
The New York Times
By MARC LACEY
MOUNT HOPKINS, Ariz. — There is no Border Patrol in space. But
the very earthly cat-and-mouse game between smugglers and America’s border
agents is affecting the exploration of space, lighting up the nighttime sky in
southern Arizona and making astronomers strain even harder to figure out the
mysteries of the universe.
Arizona is an astronomy haven with an array of prestigious observatories taking
advantage of the state’s dry weather, minimal cloud cover and dark skies. But
the state’s astronomers worry about a variety of threats — border enforcement
among them — to the pristine conditions that have allowed them to discover new
planets, gain important insights into how the universe functions and generate
hundreds of millions of dollars annually in economic return.
Drug smugglers and illegal immigrants making their way north are sometimes
visible to astronomers at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory here who take a
break from gazing skyward to look around the rough, wooded terrain. But it is
not the outlaws that affect their work as much as the authorities who are after
them.
A Border Patrol helicopter shining a blinding beam on a group of suspects runs
the risk of interfering with valuable machinery trained upward, like the four
massive telescopes, known as Veritas or the Very Energetic Radiation Telescope
Array System, that measure gamma rays. “It’s happened,” said Dan Brocious,
spokesman for the observatory, which is jointly run by the Smithsonian
Institution and Harvard University and has operated atop this mountaintop since
1968.
The Border Patrol says that it tries to steer its helicopters clear of
observatories, but that frequent staff turnover has occasionally resulted in
missteps.
The checkpoints that the Border Patrol has set up around southern Arizona,
complete with high-powered beams to light them up at night, have been another
sore point, prompting meetings between area astronomers and agents and a pledge
from the Border Patrol to reduce the wattage. The lights are among the brightest
points now visible at night in the area, astronomers say.
But even car headlights can be a problem for sensitive stargazing, which is why
signs along the winding road that leads to the observatory urge drivers to use
only their parking lights after dark. The nearly 50 years since the Whipple
Observatory was built here in the Coronado National Forest have brought
retirement communities, shopping malls and assorted other developments to the
area, all of which have boosted the light levels detected by astronomers
scrutinizing the sky.
Wildfires are another concern in the remote areas where the observatories are
located. In 2005, a fire that was caused by a lightning strike came within less
than a mile of the Whipple Observatory, which had to be evacuated until
firefighters, aided by a sudden rainstorm, were able to control it.
Earlier this year, a fire west of Nogales prompted a brief closing of the MMT
Observatory, which is also atop Mount Hopkins. The observatory’s large
telescope, 21 feet in diameter, is the 14th largest in the world and is sought
after by researchers looking into deep space. Besides less-than-optimal viewing
conditions caused by the fire, operators were worried about the buildup of ash
on the lens.
Well after the sun has set, from 8,500 feet up on Mount Hopkins, the
second-highest peak in the Santa Rita Range, one can observe both the majestic
nature of the universe and the threats to the stargazing that has long gone on
here. Competing with moonlight are street lights, traffic lights, security
lights and innumerable other forms of illumination. To the north is the Tucson
skyline, a vast expanse of soft white and yellow light, which has been managed
by municipal dark-sky restrictions and has not grown in intensity anywhere near
as fast as the population.
Astronomers are a powerful lobby here when it comes to keeping the skies dark at
night, and nearby Tucson is the headquarters for the International Dark-Sky
Association, which attempts to press for light restrictions around the world.
“Light pollution is an issue all over the world,” said Paul J. Groot, an
astronomer from the Netherlands who was conducting research on the source of
X-rays from other galaxies at the MMT Observatory this week. “It limits our deep
observation of the night sky.”
An open-pit copper mine that is proposed for an area southeast of Tucson and
would operate around the clock has alarmed dark-sky advocates, even though the
Rosemont Copper Company has said it plans to abide by Pima County’s restrictions
on light pollution.
“When these observatories were selected, there was hardly anyone living here,”
Mr. Brocious said atop the mountain as darkness and light seemed to compete in
all directions. “Tucson was a sleepy little cow town back then. There’s nothing
sleepy about it now.”
Lights on Earth Impede
Arizona’s Eyes on Space,
NYT,
19.5.2011,
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/20/us/
20whipple.html
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