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Vocapedia > English language > Abbreviations > Acronyms, Initialisms > I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I-95

 

Interstate 95        USA

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-05-10-florida-
fires_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IBM

 

International Business Machines Corp.        USA

 

http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/28/i-b-m-reports-nanotube-chip-breakthrough/

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/26/technology/ibm-names-a-new-chief.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/19/technology/19unboxed.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/10/technology/10blue.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICANN

 

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

 

http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/13/
google-wants-love-and-90-other-things/

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/31/
technology/31net.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICBM

 

Intercontinental ballistic missiles

 

https://www.npr.org/2018/07/31/
634201841/despite-denuclearization-pledge-north-korea-reportedly-building-more-icbms

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/28/
566994979/north-korea-apparently-fires-another-missile-
after-2-1-2-month-break-between-tes

 

http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/07/05/
535465234/after-north-koreas-icbm-launch-now-what

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICC

 

International Criminal Court

 

http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/03/
561842662/icc-prosecutor-calls-for-afghanistan-war-crimes-investigation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICE

 

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement        USA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.ice.gov/

 

 

http://www.npr.org/2017/03/21/
520841332/fear-of-deportation-spurs-4-women-to-drop-domestic-abuse-cases-in-denver

http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/10/
514610542/immigration-raids-are-reported-around-the-country

http://www.npr.org/2017/01/08/
508548698/how-kitchen-raids-in-buffalo-sent-shock-waves-through-immigrant-rights-community 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICM

 

UK polling company

(originally Independent Communications and Marketing)

 

http://www.icmresearch.co.uk/media-centre-polls.php

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ICT

 

Information and Communication Technology

 

 

The Guardian        Educ@guardian        p. 12        7 March 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/education/2006/mar/07/
elearning.technology1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I.C.U. / ICU

 

Intensive care unit        USA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/sep/25/
inside-a-welsh-icu-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic-photo-essay

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/09/20/
914374901/advances-in-icu-care-are-saving-more-patients-who-have-covid-19

 

https://www.npr.org/2020/03/25/
819940409/icu-bed-capacity-varies-widely-nationwide-see-how-your-area-stacks-up

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/
opinion/coronavirus-hospital-visits.html

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/23/
icu-doctors-tough-decisions-coronavirus-uk

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/10/10/
654445929/when-icu-delirium-leads-to-symptoms-of-dementia-after-discharge

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/01/
opinion/sunday/my-icu-patient-lived-is-that-enough.html

 

http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/03/04/
285762401/palliative-chemo-can-make-it-more-likely-youll-die-in-the-icu

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2006-05-13-
conjoined-twins_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ID / ID

 

Identity / Identification / identify

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/idcards

 

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2013/feb/05/two-police-units-dead-children-ids

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2007-04-09-pentagon-ww2-airmen_N.htm

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-06-04-mixup-memorial_x.htm 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-01-15-homeless-beating_x.htm

http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-01-14-meth-crackdown_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IDS

 

Iain Duncan-Smith

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iain_Duncan_Smith

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/oct/29/
uk.conservatives1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IED

 

Improvised explosive device

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2016/oct/29/
ied-isis-islamic-state-iraqi-kurdistan-peshmerga

 

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/03/
ieds-kill-53000-civilians-in-three-years-70-per-cent-rise

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/may/24/uk-soldier-dies-afghanistan

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/04/opinion/l04bomb.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/15/world/asia/15ied.html

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2007-01-01-iraq-ied-cover_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFS

 

Institute for Fiscal Studies

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2013/feb/06/ifs-uk-borrowing-budget-cuts

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2012/dec/06/welfare-cuts-public-sector-ifs

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/oct/11/children-poverty-institute-fiscal-studies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 I.G.

 

(Justice Department) Inspector General        USA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.npr.org/2019/12/09/
786379432/hearing-recaps-impeachment-investigation-justice-ig-finds-no-bias-in-russia-inqu

 

https://www.npr.org/2018/06/15/
620135227/the-huge-justice-department-ig-report-is-out-what-comes-next

 

https://www.npr.org/2018/06/15/
620284862/trump-says-ig-report-on-fbi-clinton-probe-exonerates-him

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 I.H.S.

 

Indian Health Service

 

The Federal Health Program

for American Indians and Alaska Natives        USA

 

https://www.ihs.gov/aboutihs/

 

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/03/
us/politics/communitys-loss-of-hospital-stirs-fresh-debate-over-indian-health-service.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ill.

 

Illinois        USA

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-09-23-illinois-
kids_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ILO

 

International Labour Organisation

 

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/apr/23/
ethicalbusiness.globalisation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I.M.

 

Instant Messaging

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/26/us/
26philly.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IMDb

 

Internet Movie Database

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2013/may/12/
six-degrees-col-needham-imdb

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IMF

 

International Monetary Fund

 

https://www.theguardian.com/business/imf

https://www.nytimes.com/topic/organization/international-monetary-fund

 

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/oct/03/imf-global-economy-warning

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/may/22/imf-bank-of-england-rate-cut-growth

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/jan/20/austerity-warning-international-monetary-fund

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/dec/15/imf-world-risks-1930s-style-slump

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/21/business/global/imf-slashes-growth-outlook-for-us-and-europe.html

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/12/us-imf-cyberattack-idUSTRE75A20720110612

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/16/nyregion/imf-names-replacement-as-chief-awaits-arraignment.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/09/business/global/09imf.html

 

http://www.reuters.com/article/GCA-CreditCrisis/idUSTRE51C09P20090213

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/nov/02/saudiarabia-creditcrunch

http://www.reuters.com/article/ousiv/idUSTRE4965NQ20081007

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/oct/01/banking.useconomy

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/apr/09/creditcrunch.economy1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

imho

 

In My Humble Opinion

 

http://www.theguardian.com/money/blog/2016/mar/12/
is-thermostat-remote-controlled-worth-it

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

intel

 

intelligence

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2006-03-24-
russ-intel_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IOC

 

International Olympic Committee

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2011/sep/23/bbc-ioc-azerbaijan-boxing-allegations

 

https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/apr/20/Olympics2012.politics

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IOPC

 

Independent Office for Police Conduct        UK

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/-iopc

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jul/25/
highest-number-of-people-in-a-decade-die-in-police-custody

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IoS

 

Independent on Sunday        UK

 

https://www.independent.co.uk/  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I.O.U.

 

I owe You

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/apr/11/
women-labour-miliband-callthe-midwife-mother-birth

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/24/
business/economy/24debt.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPCC

 

1 - Independent Police Complaints Commission

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2013/jun/28/nottinghamshire-police-officers-pregnant-woman

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/dec/22/police-investigated-misconduct-gangland-case

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/24/man-dies-taser-arrest-bolton

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2011/aug/07/ipcc-release-statement-mark-duggan

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2010/jul/05/raoul-moat-ipcc-prison-warning-police

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/jul/01/faisal-al-ani-police-arrest

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2009/may/15/tomlinson-death-ipcc-inquiry

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/feb/25/police.law

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/aug/18/brazil.menezes 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/aug/18/politics.brazil

 

 

 

2 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

 

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ipcc

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/31/climate-change-threat-food-security-humankind

 

http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/sep/27/ipcc-world-dangerous-climate-change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPO

 

Initial public offering

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.npr.org/2019/02/13/
694293545/levi-strauss-wants-to-stretch-its-pockets-with-second-go-at-ipo

 

https://www.npr.org/2018/01/25/
580263402/spotifys-unusual-ipo-model-will-test-the-companys-strength

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/feb/02/facebook-ipo-facts

http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/may/18/facebook-ipos

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/may/07/facebook-ipos

http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/may/02/facebook-ipo-mark-zuckerberg-roadshow

 

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/12/08/us-facebook-millionaires-idUSTRE7B72NK20111208

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/13/us-facebook-idUSTRE75C3T820110613

 

http://www.usatoday.com/money/markets/us/2006-06-14-ethanol-usat_x.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IPP

 

Indeterminate sentence for public protection

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/jul/31/
prisonsandprobation.ukcrime

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IQ

 

Intelligence Quotient

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/25/nyregion/
larry-selman-a-shepherd-of-greenwich-village-dies-at-70.html

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/oct/19/
teenagers-iq-scores-adolescence

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/04/us/04execute.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IRA

 

Irish Republican Army        Northern Ireland

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/world/europe/
where-say-nothing-is-gospel-ira-victims-daughter-is-talking.html

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/sep/11/ira-murders-claim-to-smithwick

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/09/northernireland.devolution

 

 



Individual Retirement Account        USA

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/02/your-money/
individual-retirement-account-iras/for-teenagers-starting-and-saving-in-a-roth-ira.html

 

http://classroom.synonym.com/roth-stand-roth-ira-24296.html 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I.R.L.

 

In Real LIfe

 

 

 

 

How Online Trolls Divide Americans IRL        Video        NYT News        22 August 2018

 

We know that trolls on social media

are trying to sow discord on contentious subjects

like race, guns and abortion,

but how do they do it?

 

Here is a visual guide to their strategy.

 

YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=4CbHeXnxV_A

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/
opinion/coronavirus-social-media.html

 

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=4CbHeXnxV_A - NYT - 22 August 2018

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I.R.S. / IRS

 

Internal Revenue Service        USA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.irs.gov/ 

https://www.nytimes.com/topic/organization/internal-revenue-service 

 

 

https://www.npr.org/2017/12/21/
572326998/now-that-the-gop-tax-bill-is-approved-the-irs-gets-busy

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/29/
opinion/dark-money-and-an-irs-blindfold.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/video/2013/05/16/us/
politics/100000002228919/presidential-politics-and-the-irs.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/12/business/whistle-blower-awarded-104-million-by-irs.html

 

http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2008-07-28-unpaidtaxes_N.htm

 

http://www.usatoday.com/money/perfi/taxes/2006-09-04-irs-usat_x.htm

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/05/business/05tax.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/11/national/11baptist.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ISA

 

Individual savings account

 

 

The Guardian        Money        p. 11        17 March 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/money/2007/mar/21/budget2007.budget5 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Isis

 

Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant

 

 

 

Jim Morin

GoComics

November 03, 2016

http://www.gocomics.com/jimmorin/2016/11/03

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/isis

 

 

http://www.gocomics.com/jimmorin/2016/11/03

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/13/us/orlando-nightclub-shooting.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/25/
opinion/john-bolton-to-defeat-isis-create-a-sunni-state.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/07/
opinion/sunday/thomas-l-friedman-how-isis-drives-muslims-from-islam.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=CZ_TGtTSXcI&list=UUqnbDFdCpuN8CMEg0VuEBqA

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/08/world/middleeast/
obama-weighs-military-strikes-to-aid-trapped-iraqis-officials-say.html

 

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/16/
isis-islamic-state-iraq-levant-q-and-a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ISP

 

Internet Service Provider

 

 

 

 

The Guardian        p. 12        17 December 2008

http://digital.guardian.co.uk/guardian/2008/12/17/pdfs/gdn_081217_ber_12_21476088.pdf

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/02/isp-gchq-mass-surveillance-privacy-court-claim

 

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/aug/12/pirate-bay-piratebrowser-web-browser

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/oct/11/pornography-internet-service-providers

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/jul/24/hull-isp-pulls-plug-filesharers

http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/jan/29/digital-britain-lord-carter-broadband

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ISS

 

International Space Station

 

http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/space/2008-01-30-
space-station_N.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IT

 

Information Technology

 

https://www.theguardian.com/careers/careers-blog/it-professionals-2011

 

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2004/jul/15/highereducation.students

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IVs

 

intravenous

 

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/13/
world/asia/coronavirus-death-life.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IVA

 

Individual voluntary arrangements

 

https://www.theguardian.com/money/2006/oct/16/
creditanddebt.business

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IVF

 

In Vitro Fertilization

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/09/19/
648923906/do-ivf-and-other-infertility-tech-lead-to-health-risks-for-the-baby-maybe

 

http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/may/24/
ivf-its-overwhelming-and-shocking-at-every-single-turn

 

http://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/sep/27/ivf-where-all-grief-going

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/jul/12/story-ivf-five-million-babies 

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/jun/28/uk-government-ivf-dna-three-people

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/may/22/ivf-nhs-age-42-fertility

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2009/mar/21/ivf-fertility-birth-defects  

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/jul/04/health.medicineandhealth1 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2006/oct/26/lifeandhealth.medicineandhealth 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jul/28/familyandrelationships.health 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/aug/17/politics.health1 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/jun/25/health.uknews

 

 

 

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