Les anglonautes

About | Search | Grammar | Vocapedia | Learning | News podcasts | Videos | History | Arts | Science | Translate and listen

 Home Up Next

 

History > 20th century > WW2 (1939-1945) > USA, World > Timeline in pictures

 

After WW2 > Operation Paperclip swept German scientists to the US

 

 

 

 

Hubertus Strughold, center,

with a pressurized chamber

for use in eventual space medicine research,

at the U.S. Air Force School of Aviation Medicine

in the 1950s.

 

Photograph: AFMS History Office

 

The Doctor From Nazi Germany and the Search for Life on Mars

Astrobiologists have used Mars Jars for decades.

Many didn’t know about the controversial Air Force scientist

who started them.

NYT

July 24, 2020

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/24/
science/mars-jars-strughold.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hubertus Strughold    GER    1898-1986

 

Dr. Strughold’s work

on astronaut physiology

and aviation medicine

in the U.S.

— work he had started

in Nazi Germany

for the Luftwaffe,

and which was tangled up

in inhumane experiments.

 

Dr. Strughold didn’t do

these experiments himself,

and he wasn’t a member

of the Nazi party.

 

But on his watch,

researchers locked prisoners

at the Dachau concentration camp

in low-pressure chambers,

to show what might happen

to fliers at high altitude,

and dressed them

in fighter-pilot uniforms

only to submerge them

in freezing water.

 

(...)

 

After World War II,

Dr. Strughold

arrived in America

as part of the secretive

Operation Paperclip,

which swept German scientists

to the United States.

 

Wernher von Braun,

who had overseen

the Nazi V-2 rocket

and later became

the architect of NASA’s

Saturn V rocket,

also came to North America

through this program,

and the two interacted

at space conferences.

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/24/
science/mars-jars-strughold.html

 

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/24/
science/mars-jars-strughold.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun    GER    1912-1977

 

When he died

on June 16, 1977,

Wernher von Braun,

the son

of East Prussian aristocrats,

had left an indelible,

if ambiguous, legacy

as a visionary space-travel

pioneer.

 

His boyhood obsession

with rocketry

elevated him to the position

of Nazi Germany’s

leading missile scientist

and the brains behind the V-2

— Vergeltungswaffe Zwei

(Revenge Weapon Two) —

perfected

in the village of Peenemünde,

on the Baltic,

where his grandfather

had hunted ducks,

and then aimed at Britain.

 

With Soviet forces advancing

at the end of World War II,

von Braun

and more than a hundred

of his fellow scientists

surrendered

to the United States Army.

 

They were scooped up

in Operation Paperclip

and transplanted in Alabama,

where they formed

the vanguard

of an American space program

that built the Saturn V rocket,

which sent nine crews

toward the moon.

 

In addition to Columbus,

von Braun liked

to invoke the Wright Brothers

and Charles Lindbergh.

 

But he was also often mentioned

in the same breath as Faust,

for his wartime Devil’s bargain.

 

He would say later

that his chief goal

was always space travel

— eventually

a permanent moon base

and a mission to Mars —

and that his V-2 rockets

had worked perfectly,

except that they landed

on the wrong planet.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/cp/obituaries/archives/
wernher-von-braun

 

 

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/cp/obituaries/archives/
wernher-von-braun

 

 

https://www.npr.org/2019/10/23/
772742561/the-dark-side-of-the-moon

 

https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/jul/04/
prisoners-of-the-moon-review-nasa-apollo-11-arthur-rudolph-wernher-von-braun

 

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/oct/09/
apollo-14-song-a-hymn-to-god-or-to-the-nazis

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/nov/15/
secondworldwar-international-criminal-justice

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/10/
books/review/Holloway-t.html

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/dec/03/
germany.kateconnolly

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/18/
books/review/Roland-t.html

 

https://www.theguardian.com/media/1999/jul/19/
tvandradio.television2

 

https://www.nytimes.com/1977/06/18/
archives/wernher-von-braun-rocket-pioneer-dies-wernher-von-braun-pioneer-in.html

 

https://www.nytimes.com/1972/05/27/
archives/von-brauns-departure-marks-the-end-of-an-era.html

 

https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/02/
archives/nasas-planning-chief-wernher-von-braun.html

 

https://www.nytimes.com/1964/03/17/
archives/von-braun-names-exnazi-to-key-moon-rocket-post.html

 

https://www.nytimes.com/1965/06/14/
archives/von-braun-fights-alabama-racism-scientist-warns-state-us-might.html

 

https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/20/
archives/visit-with-a-prophet-of-the-space-age-wernher-von-braun-who-built.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related > Anglonautes > History > 20th century

 

USA > Apollo 11 > Man on the moon - 20 July 1969

 

 

20th century > late 1940s - late 1980s

Cold war > USA, world

 

 

Antisemitism > Holocaust

Germany > Dachau

 

 

20th century > 1939-1945

World War II > USA, World

 

 

advertisements > WW2 > USA

 

 

photos > wars > WW2

 

 

 

 

 

Related > Anglonautes > Vocapedia

 

genocide, war,

weapons, arms sales,

espionage, torture

 

 

conflicts, wars, climate, poverty >

asylum seekers, displaced people, migrants, refugees

 

 

terrorism, global terrorism, militant groups,

intelligence, spies, surveillance

 

 

slavery, eugenics,

race relations, racial divide, racism,

segregation, civil rights

apartheid

 

 

space, astronomy

 

 

 

home Up