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History > Early 21st century, 20th century > UK, British empire, England

 

United Kingdom, British Empire

 

Timeline in pictures

 

 

 

Steve Bell

cartoon

G

27 July 2004

https://www.theguardian.com/cartoons/stevebell/
0,7371,1267868,00.html 

 

Margaret Thatcher

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Steve Bell

cartoon

G

2000

https://www.theguardian.com/
Thatcher/graphic/0,5543,401742,00.html

 

Tony Blair    /    Margaret Thatcher

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2000s - 2010s

 

British troops in Afghanistan

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/dec/04/
uk-soldiers-more-likely-die-us-troops-war-terror

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/sep/19/
more-afghan-interpreters-eligible-to-move-to-uk-under-new-rules

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/
wars-without-end-why-is-there-no-peaceful-solution-to-so-much-global-conflict

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/law/2019/nov/18/
uk-army-war-crimes-iraq-afghanistan-bbc-panorama

 

https://www.theguardian.com/law/2019/nov/17/
british-government-army-accused-covering-up-war-crimes-afghanistan-iraq

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/aug/13/
british-troops-afghanistan-appease-trump-war

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/may/26/
afghan-interpreters-uk-army-failed-british-government-commons-report

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/jan/09/
how-the-heroin-trade-explains-the-us-uk-failure-in-afghanistan

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/sep/22/
uk-military-investigating-hundreds-of-alleged-abuses-in-afghanistan

 

https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2016/aug/17/
heroes-of-helmand-british-army-afghanistan-review

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/09/
uk-afghanistan-troops-increase-david-cameron

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/23/
afghan-taliban-seize-key-district-sangin-helmand-province

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/22/
much-of-sangin-in-taliban-hands-amid-reports-uk-and-us-have-deployed-special-forces

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/dec/28/
rightwing-ideology-lost-britiain-war-afghanistan-and-is-destroying-state-and-country

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/28/
camp-bastion-helmand-uk-troops-hand-over-afghanistan

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/oct/27/
guardian-view-britain-armed-forces-after-withdrawal-helmand-afghanistan

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/oct/26/
british-troops-leave-helmand-as-afghans-take-over-camp-bastion

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/13/
taliban-advance-sangin-helmand-afghanistan

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/nov/
06/military-afghanistan

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/10/
uk-forces-helmand-afghanistan

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/30/
afghanistan-war-cost-britain-37bn-book

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/26/
10-troops-injured-afghanistan-bomb

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2012/mar/29/
afghanistan-british-army-crimes

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/dec/02/
wikileaks-cables-afghan-british-military

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/25/
british-troops-afghan-civilian-shootings

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/25/
british-shootings-afghan-civilians-lis

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/apr/01/
british-troops-afghan-culture

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2009/sep/17/
afghanistan-casualties-dead-wounded-british-data

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/aug/16/
afghanistan-british-troop-deaths

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/aug/28/
afghanistan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2010s

 

British military withdrawal from Iraq

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/18/
british-militarys-8-years-in-iraq-ends

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/dec/18/
uk-troop-withdrawal-iraq-brown

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/blog/2008/dec/17/
iraq-military

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/dec/17/
gordon-brown-iraq

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/dec/10/
uk-iraq-withdrawal-troops

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/sep/19/
usa.military

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/sep/03/
iraq.iraq

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/oct/24/
uk.iraq

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/sep/25/
uk.iraq

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/may/19/
iraq.iraq

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tony Charles Lynton Blair

 

Prime Minister    1997-2007

 

 

Iraq War

 

 

flawed information

about Saddam Hussein’s

alleged weapons

of mass destruction

(WMDs)

 

 

2005 general election campaign

 

 

IRA orders end

to armed campaign

 

 

Marjorie "Mo" Mowlam    1949-2005

 

 

Robert "Robin" Finlayson Cook    1946-2005

 

 

David Christopher Kelly    1944-2003

 

 

Terror laws

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/tonyblair 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/iraq-war-inquiry

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/david-kelly

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2019/sep/23/
the-british-spy-who-tried-to-stop-iraq-war

 

https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/sep/22/
katharine-gun-whistleblower-iraq-official-secrets-film-keira-knightley

 

https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/sep/22/
keira-knightley-interview-official-secrets-film

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2019/jun/18/
the-rehabilitation-of-tony-blair

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/may/28/
an-inconvenient-death-establishment-david-kelly-affair-miles-goslett-review

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/picture/2016/jul/10/
tony-blair-and-his-beliefs

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jul/09/
iraq-war-after-blair-and-bush-met-the-tempo-changed

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/07/06/
484964871/7-years-in-the-making-report-finds-british-rushed-into-iraq-war

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jul/06/
spy-agencies-flawed-information-saddam-wmds-iraq-chilcot

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jul/06/
tony-blair-deliberately-exaggerated-threat-from-iraq-chilcot-report-war-inquiry

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/oct/18/
tony-blair-warpath-from-early-2002-colin-powell-memo-chilcot-inquiry-invasion-iraq

 

http://www.theguardian.com/news/2015/jan/21/
chilcot-inquiry-iraq-the-guardian-briefing

 

 

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/picture/2013/sep/24/
photography-tony-blair-alastair-campbell

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/12/iraq-dossier-case-for-war

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/oct/22/
david-kelly-suicide

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/blog/2010/mar/18/tony-blair-george-bush-iraq-letters

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jan/29/
tony-blair-chilcot-iraq-inquiry

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/oct/08/humanrights.iraq

 

 

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/nov/10/uksecurity.terrorism1 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/nov/10/uk.topstories3 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/sep/25/uk.iraq

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/aug/28/uk.iraq

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/aug/19/labour.uk 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/aug/19/obituaries.northernireland 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/aug/06/terrorism.july7

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/jul/07/energy.nuclearindustry 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/aug/08/guardianobituaries.labour  

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/aug/07/uk.labour 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/aug/07/uk.labour1 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/jul/28/northernireland.devolution3 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/jul/28/northernireland.devolution1 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/sep/26/northernireland.northernireland3 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/july7 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/07/election2005.policy 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/07/uk.election2005

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/may/06/politics.ukgeneralelection2005   

http://www.economist.com/agenda/displayStory.cfm?story_id=3933079

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/may/06/politics.ukgeneralelection2005 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/06/uk.election200511

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/03/election2005.comment 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/election2005 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/may/02/iraq.australia 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/may/02/iraq 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/may/02/uk.iraq2 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/apr/28/uk.world1 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/apr/29/antiwar.uk 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/apr/29/uk.iraq3 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/apr/28/election2005.uk3 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/apr/05/labour.election2005 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/jan/19/iraq.military3

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/gall/0,9352,1315592,00.html  

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/jul/22/labour.politicalcolumnists

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/mar/05/iraq.iraq

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/jan/20/
uk.davidkelly

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/sep/27/
iraq.iraq

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/aug/29
/wrap.andrewbrown

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/mar/18/
foreignpolicy.iraq1

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/sep/24/
foreignpolicy.houseofcommons

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/sep/24/
iraq.speeches

https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200203/cmhansrd/
vo030318/debtext/30318-06.htm#30318-06_spmin2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Robert Finlayson Cook    1946-2005

 

 

London terrorist attacks - 7 July 2005

 

Iraq war

 

 

17 March 2003

 

Iraq war

 

Robin Cook's resignation speech

to the House of Commons

 

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_London

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/aug/08/
guardianobituaries.labour

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/aug/07/
iraq.politics 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/jul/08/
july7.development

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/mar/17/
labour.uk

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother    1900-2002

 

Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon,

later Queen Elizabeth,

was the Queen Consort

of King George VI

of the United Kingdom

and the British Dominions

from 1936 until his death

in 1952

 

 

 

Excellent portrait of young Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon,

the future Duchess of York & Queen Mother of England.

 

Location: London, United Kingdom

Date taken: 1914

 

Photographer: E. O. Hoppe

Life Images

http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=e4ab089544340392 - broken link

 

 

 

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/obituaries/queen_mother/

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/mar/30/queenmother.monarchy12 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/apr/09/queenmother.monarchy8  

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/apr/09/poetry.queenmother  

http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/mar/30/queenmother.monarchy10

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/622457.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/obituaries/queen_mother/default.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1999

 

House of Lords Act

 

 

https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/houseoflords/
house-of-lords-reform/from-the-collections/from-the-parliamentary-collections-lords-reform/
lords-reform-1963-1999/houseoflordsact1999/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15 August 1998

 

Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland

 

Omagh bomb attack

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/omagh

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/fromthearchive/
story/0,,1019591,00.html 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diana: 1961-1997

 

Diana's body flown back to Britain

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1997/sep/01/
monarchy.matthewengel 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1997/sep/01/
guardianobituaries.monarchy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1997

 

Hong Kong handover

 

Hong Kong is returned to Chinese rule

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1997/jul/01/
china.andrewhiggins1 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/politics97/hk/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prime Ministers in history

 

John Major    PM 1990-1997

 

'Back to basics'

 

 

 

 

Steve Bell

cartoon

The Guardian

1.10.2002

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/oct/01/
uk.past 

https://www.theguardian.com/cartoons/stevebell/
0,7371,802554,00.html 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/673348.stm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/britain/post_major.shtml 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/feb/10/politics.conservatives 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/feb/10/uk.freedomofinformation 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2002/oct/01/uk.past

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1993/dec/16/northernireland.michaelwhite 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/1992/nov/14/past.comment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

February 9 1996

 

Northern Ireland conflict

 

IRA Docklands Bomb

 

IRA smash ceasefire

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1996/feb/10/
northernireland.davidpallister

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1995-1988

 

Liverpool dockers' strike

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/jul/02/
fiachragibbons

 

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/
no-going-back-at-liverpool-docks-1240426.html
- 21 September 1997

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July 21 1994

 

Tony Blair

becomes the leader

of the labour party,

following the death

of John Smith

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  anti-poll tax demonstrations

sweep across Britain,

culminating in violence

in central London

on the final day of March 1990

 

 

 

 

Anti-poll tax protesters

jeer councillors from the east London borough of Newham

as they leave a meeting on 7 March 1990.

 

Photograph:

Robin Mayes for the Observer

 

Poll tax riots revisited - in pictures

O

Saturday 28 March 2015    14.12 GMT

https://www.theguardian.com/gnm-archive/gallery/2015/mar/28/
poll-tax-riots-revisited-in-pictures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15 April 1989

 

The Hillsborough disaster

was a fatal human crush

during a football match

at Hillsborough Stadium

in Sheffield,

South Yorkshire, England,

on 15 April 1989.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Hillsborough_disaster - 3 December 2020

 

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Hillsborough_disaster - 3 December 2020

 

https://www.theguardian.com/
football/hillsborough-disaster

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The miners' strike / The Battle of Orgreave        1984-1985

 

 

 

Police and pickets at Orgreave, South Yorkshire

during the miners strike in1984

 

Photograph:

Don McPhee for the Guardian

 

UK miners' strike 30 years on:

share your photos and stories

G

Tuesday 24 February 2015    16.25 GMT

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/feb/24/
uk-miners-strike-30-years-on-share-your-photos-and-stories 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/miners-strike-1984-85

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/arthur-scargill

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/mar/03/grimethorpe-hit-rock-bottom-then-bounced-back

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/mar/01/scottish-miners-must-get-justice

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/feb/24/
uk-miners-strike-30-years-on-share-your-photos-and-stories

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/feb/28/in-search-of-arthur-scargill-miners-strike

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/gallery/2010/sep/12/miners-strike-1984-85-david-peace

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/sep/12/david-peace-miners-strike

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/aug/29/margaret-thatcher-undermine-miners-union

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/aug/29/margaret-thatcher-soviet-aid-miners

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/may/04/peter-heathfield-obituary

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/gallery/2009/feb/23/
don-mcphee-miner-strike-photography 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2009/oct/28/
norman-west-obituary 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1988

 

Scotland

 

Lockerbie plane bombing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Margaret Thatcher > PM 1979-1990

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1988

 

The Law Lords rule

against the government

and allow the publication

of Peter Wright's

contentious book,

Spycatcher

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/fromthearchive/
story/0,12269,1326319,00.html 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1986

 

Jeffrey Archer,

deputy chairman

of the conservative party,

is forced to resign

amid allegations

he has been sleeping

with a prostitute

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1986/oct/27/
fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1982

 

South Atlantic

 

Falkland islands

 

The Falklands war

 

 

The Falklands,

a British territory comprising

a group of windswept islands

250 miles off

Argentina’s southeast coast,

had been a source of dispute

between Britain and Argentina

for 150 years

when an Argentine

military dictatorship

staged an invasion

in April 1982.

 

The landings on the islands

— which the Argentines

call the Malvinas

but were named

by the British in 1690

for Viscount Falkland,

treasurer of the British Navy —

brought a major military

response by the government

of Prime Minister

Margaret Thatcher

in support

of nearly 2,000 settlers,

most of British descent.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/08/
world/europe/john-woodward-leader-of-british-navy-in-falkland-islands-war-dies-at-81.html

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/may/13/uk.falklands

 

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/08/world/europe/
john-woodward-leader-of-british-navy-in-falkland-islands-war-dies-at-81.html

http://www.guardian.co.uk/falklands25years/

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/mar/02/
the-conversation-falklands-veterans-experiences 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2007/mar/29/falklands

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2002/feb/25/falklands.military

 

 

 

 

The Guardian > Special report > The Falklands

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/falklands

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2002/sep/06/falklands.world

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/1982/may/27/argentina.military

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1982/jun/15/falklands.world1

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1982/may/27/argentina.military

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1981

 

Greenham Common peace camp

 

 

The first camp

was set up

on 5 September 1981

to raise awareness

of plans to install

nuclear Cruise missiles

at the Berkshire base.

 

(...)

 

The airbase

was closed in 1993

but the camp

remained until 2000.

 

The first missiles

were delivered

to Greenham Common

in November 1983.

 

The last one was removed

in March 1991.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-berkshire-14775384

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/
greenham 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/17/
helen-john-greenham-protester-drones

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1981

 

Brixton riots

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1981/apr/13/
fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July 1980

 

UK lifts ban on arms sales to Chile

 

Conservatives reverse

previous government's

decision to ban sale of weapons

to General Pinochet's

military regime

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/23/
pinochet-chile-thatcher-arms-sales - From the archive, 23 July 1980

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/23/
pinochet-chile-thatcher-arms-sales - From the archive, 23 July 1980

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27 August 1979

 

Northern Ireland conflict

 

IRA bomb

kills Lord Mountbatten

 

 

The Queen's cousin,

Lord Louis Mountbatten,

is killed by a bomb blast

on his boat in Ireland

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/27/newsid_2511000/2511545.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/27/
newsid_2511000/2511545.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1998-1999

 

Northern Ireland conflict

 

Good Friday Agreement

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/ni/good_friday.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1976-1977

 

Grunwick strike

 

 

One sweltering

summer afternoon

in August 1976,

Jayaben Desai

decided

she wasn't going

to take it anymore.

 

Desai,

who had arrived

from India

eight years earlier,

was working

in the dispatch department

of the Grunwick film

processing plant

in Willesden, London.

 

The workforce

was predominantly

made up

of Asian women,

some of whom

were unhappy

with their working

conditions.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jan/20/
asian-women-trade-union-grunwick
 

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/may/24/
has-labour-party-outlived-its-usefulness

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jan/20/
asian-women-trade-union-grunwick

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/gallery/2010/jan/20/
grunwick-strike-women

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/dec/27/
jayaben-desai-dies-aged-77

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/27/
newsid_2520000/2520097.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

James "Jim" Callaghan (1912-2005)    PM 1976-1979

 

The 'Winter of Discontent'

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/22/
james-callaghan-labour-1979-thatcher 

 

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/dec/30/archives-callaghan-labour-memo-1978

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/dec/30/james-callaghan-missile-defence-fears

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/dec/30/james-callaghan-crisis-winter-1978

http://www.economist.com/people/displayStory.cfm?story_id=3809548

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/mar/27/obituaries.politics 

http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labour/story/0,9061,1446472,00.html

http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labour/story/0,9061,1446468,00.html

http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labour/story/0,9061,1446862,00.html

http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labour/story/0,9061,1446802,00.html

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/mar/28/labour.obituaries1

http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/mar/27/obituaries.politics

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/england/pwar_strikes_winter_discontent.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6 June 1975

 

A national referendum

backs UK membership of the EEC

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1975/jun/07/
eu.past

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6 March 1974

 

Miners' strike comes to an end

 

 

British coal workers

have called off

a four-week strike

following a 35% pay offer

from the new Labour government

in what is being seen

as a resounding victory

for the miners.

 

Around 260,000 miners

have accepted weekly pay rises

ranging from £6.71 to £16.31.

 

The offer is worth more

than double the figure on offer

under Edward Heath's

government.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/6/newsid_4207000/4207111.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/6/
newsid_4207000/4207111.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

James Harold Wilson (1916-1995)

 

Second term as Prime Minister    1974-1976

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/16/newsid_2524000/2524099.stm

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1995/may/25/
obituaries
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sir Edward Heath (1916-2005)    PM 1970-1974  

 

 

Sir Edward Heath.

 

Photograph: Jane Bown

 

The Guardian        p. 1        18.7.2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/dec/30/
how-edward-heath-taking-bath-exposed-lax-security-chequers

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jul/18/
guardianobituaries.conservatives 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/politicsobituaries/
page/0,1441,1530967,00.html

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4691051.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July 1972

 

National dock strike begins

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2009/jul/28/
1972-dockers-strike

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2 February 1972

 

Northern Ireland conflict

 

 

Police in Dublin

charged rioters

with batons last night

after cheering crowds

had burned out

the British Embassy.

 

Hatred of Britain

in the Republic

reached fever pitch

as the embassy's interior

blazed fiercely,

watched

by several thousand.

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1972/feb/03/northernireland.bloodysunday

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1972/feb/03/northernireland.bloodysunday

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/2/
newsid_2758000/2758163.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30 January 1972

 

Northern Ireland

 

Second Bloody Sunday

 

 

British troops open fire

on a crowd of demonstrators

in the Bogside district

of Londonderry,

killing 13 civilians.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1972

 

Industrial effect of the miners' stoppage

 

Power cuts

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/fromthearchive/
story/0,12269,1149432,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ibrox disaster        2 January 1971

 

 

 

 The funeral of Peter Easton, Douglas Morrison and Bryan Todd,

three teenagers from Markinch who died at Ibrox in 1971.

 

Photograph:

Trinity Mirror/Mirrorpix/Alamy

 

'Singing and dancing to their deaths':

football’s forgotten tragedy

In 1971,

an Old Firm derby at Ibrox

ended with the death of 66 fans as they celebrated a late goal.

John Hodgman survived the terrifying crush and, 50 years on,

asks how Rangers avoided taking responsibility

G

Thu 3 Dec 2020    06.00 GMT

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/dec/03/
rangers-football-forgotten-tragedy-ibrox-stadium-disaster-glasgow

 

 

 

 

 

The 1971 Ibrox disaster

was a crush

among the crowd

at an Old Firm football game,

which led to 66 deaths

and more than 200 injuries.

 

It happened

on 2 January 1971

in an exit stairway

at Ibrox Park (now Ibrox Stadium)

in Glasgow, Scotland.

 

It was the worst

British football disaster

until the Hillsborough disaster

in Sheffield, England, in 1989.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
1971_Ibrox_disaster - 3 December 2020

 

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
1971_Ibrox_disaster - 3 December 2020

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2020/dec/03/
rangers-football-forgotten-tragedy-ibrox-stadium-disaster-glasgow

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

James Harold Wilson (1916-1995)    First term as Prime Minister    1964-1970

 


 

 

Time Covers - The 60S

Time cover: 10-11-1963 of Harold Wilson.

Date taken: October 11, 1963

 

Life Images

http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=bf5a62ede5553f67

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1995/may/25/
obituaries

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/21/
buried-50-years-britain-shamesful-role-biafran-war-frederick-forsyth

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Mangrove Nine

 

The Mangrove Nine

were a group of British black activists

tried for inciting a riot at a protest,

in 1970,

against the police targeting

of the Mangrove Restaurant,

Notting Hill, in west London.

 

Their trial lasted 55 days

and involved

various challenges

by the Nine

to the legitimacy

of the judicial process.

 

They were all acquitted

of the most serious charges

and the trial became

the first judicial

acknowledgement of behaviour

motivated by racial hatred

within the Metropolitan Police.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove_Nine - 3 October 2020

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2020/oct/15/
the-story-of-the-mangrove-nine

 

https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2020/oct/03/
steve-mcqueen-our-marlon-brandos-are-on-building-sites-or-driving-buses

 

https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/25/
mangrove-review-racial-prejudice-steve-mcqueen-small-axe

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/06/
british-black-power-from-shrug-to-school-syllabus-in-six-short-years

 

https://www.theguardian.com/law/2010/nov/29/
mangrove-nine-40th-anniversary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1968

 

Thirty thousand

demonstrators

march through London

in protest against

the Vietnam war

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1968/oct/28/
fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7 October 1968

 

Edward Heath

launches the Conservative Party's

mid-term report

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1968/oct/07/
past.mainsection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1967

 

Abortion Act

 

 

https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1967/87/contents

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sexual Offences Act 1967

 

partial decriminalisation

of homosexuality

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/global/2017/jun/18/
glad-to-be-gay-the-story-of-the-filming-of-david-is-homosexual

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Clement Attlee    1883-1967

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

South Arabia

 

The Aden emergency

escalated in 1967

and hastened

the end

of British rule

in the territory

which had begun

in 1839

 

(...)

 

Aden

became the capital

of the People's Republic

of Southern Yemen

in 1967

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/gallery/2012/apr/18/
colonial-archives-kenya-malaya-aden

 

 

 

Aden,

commanding

the entrance

to the Red Sea,

was an important

British air

and naval base

on the route to India

and had been

occupied

since 1839.

 

In January 1963,

this British colony

was merged with

the sheikhdoms

of the Aden Protectorates

to form

the Federation

of South Arabia.

 

This was done

against the wishes

of much of Aden city's

population.

 

In 1964

Britain announced

that independence

was to be granted

to the Federation

by 1968,

but that British forces

would remain in Aden.

http://www.nam.ac.uk/exhibitions/online-exhibitions/aden-emergency

 

 

 

Arab nationalists

resented this and,

egged on

by President

Nasser of Egypt,

formed the National

Liberation Front

(NLF)

in Yemen,

which itself

had designs on Aden

and its hinterland.

 

An insurgency

against British rule

known as

the Aden Emergency

began with

a grenade attack

by the NLF against

the British High

Commissioner

on 10 December 1963,

killing one person

and injuring 50.

http://www.nam.ac.uk/exhibitions/online-exhibitions/aden-emergency

 

 

https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/aden-emergency-1963-67

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/gallery/2012/apr/18/
colonial-archives-kenya-malaya-aden 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/apr/18/
sins-colonialists-concealed-secret-archive 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/apr/18/
colonial-papers-fco-transparency-myth 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1966

 

George Blake, a soviet spy,

escapes from Wormwood Scrubs

and makes his way to Russia

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1966/oct/24/russia.
keithharper

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21 October 1966

 

Wales

 

The Aberfan disaster

 

 

after days

of hard rain,

a mountain

of coal waste and slurry

slid through Aberfan

in a black avalanche,

crushing the town’s

school in its path

and killing 28 adults

and 116 children.

 

At the inquest,

when a child’s

cause of death

was listed as asphyxia

and multiple injuries,

one father famously said:

“No, sir. Buried alive

by the National Coal Board.

That is what I want to see

on the record.”

 

It was one of the world’s

first televised tragedies,

and it has marked

British attitudes

toward authority

ever since.

 

The National Coal Board

was later accused

in an official inquiry

of extreme negligence

and “bungling ineptitude,”

and Parliament

passed legislation

regarding public safety

in mines and quarries.

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/22/world/europe/aberfan-disaster-wales.html

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/walesonair/database/aberfan.shtml

 

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/22/world/europe/aberfan-disaster-wales.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/video/world/europe/
100000004723037/scenes-from-aberfan-in-1966.html - Oct. 21, 2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

British Pathé archives

 

Labour romps home

in the 1966 election

 

 

British Pathé archive clip

showing the aftermath

of the 1966 general election

in which Harold Wilson's

Labour party

won a decisive victory

over Edward Heath's

Conservatives

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2010/may/04/
past-general-election-2010
- broken link

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1965

 

First Race Relations Act

 

 

The Race Relations Act 1965

was the first piece of legislation

in the UK to address

the prohibition

of racial discrimination

and followed

previously unsuccessful bills.

 

The Act banned

racial discrimination

in public places

and made the promotion

of hatred on the grounds

of ‘colour, race,

or ethnic or national origins’

an offence.

 

The Bill

received Royal Assent

on 8 November 1965,

and came into force

a month later

on 8 December 1965.

https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/
private-lives/relationships/collections1/race-relations-act-1965/race-relations-act-1965/

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/oct/01/
paul-stephenson-the-hero-who-refused-to-leave-a-pub-and-helped-desegregate-britain

 

https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/
private-lives/relationships/collections1/race-relations-act-1965/race-relations-act-1965/ 

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2018/04/20/
603884872/an-anti-immigration-speech-divided-britain-50-years-ago-it-still-echoes-today

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1964

 

Channel tunnel plan

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1964/feb/07/
france.transport

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1963

 

Bristol bus boycott

 

 

The 1963 Bristol protest

took place

after 18-year-old Guy Bailey

was turned away

from a job interview

at the state-owned

Bristol Omnibus Company.

 

A manager told him:

“We don’t employ

black people.”

 

The policy,

an open secret in the city,

was entirely legal.

 

Inspired by events

including the 1955

Montgomery bus boycott,

when Rosa Parks refused

to give up her seat,

a boycott

of the whole bus network

was organised.

 

After four months,

the bus company relented.

 

The victory proved

to be a watershed moment

and a step on the road

towards the UK’s first laws

against racial discrimination.

https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2019/oct/28/
how-the-bristol-bus-boycott-changed-uk-civil-rights

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2019/oct/28/
how-the-bristol-bus-boycott-changed-uk-civil-rights

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cold War sex scandals        The 'Profumo affair' case        1963

 

 

 

Mandy Rice-Davies leaving court

after testifying on her relationship with Lord Astor in 1963.

 

Photograph: Associated Press

 

Mandy Rice-Davies, Figure in Sex Scandal, Dies at 70

NYT

DEC. 19, 2014

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/20/
world/europe/mandy-rice-davies-profumo-affair-figure-obituary.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the Profumo affair —

revelations

that a government minister,

John Profumo,

had shared a mistress,

Christine Keeler,

with a Soviet defense

attaché,

Yevgeny Ivanov.

 

The scandal

raised questions

about national security

and rocked

the Conservative

government

of Harold Macmillan.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/20/world/europe/
mandy-rice-davies-profumo-affair-figure-obituary.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

John Dennis Profumo    1915-2006

 

 

 

Profumo

shortly after he was appointed secretary of state for war in 1960.

He could not escape the public humiliation of the events of 1963

 

Photograph: Jimmy Sime/Getty

 

Obituary        John Profumo

The Guardian        p. 35        11 March 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/john-profumo

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/jan/26/
mi5-abandoned-stephen-ward-profumo-scandal

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/05/
obituaries/christine-keeler-75-central-figure-in-a-british-scandal-dies.html

 

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/20/
world/europe/mandy-rice-davies-profumo-affair-figure-obituary.html

 

http://www.theguardian.com/stage/2013/dec/11/stephen-ward-profumo-50-years

http://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/02/profumo-affair-wrongful-conviction-judges-stephen-ward

http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2013/may/01/christine-keeler-nude-photograph-art

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2013/apr/30/profumo-affair-sketch-mystery-woman

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2013/apr/27/profumo-affair-sex-1963

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/picture/2013/mar/22/profumo-affair-picture-of-the-day

http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/jan/04/an-english-affair-richard-davenport-hines-review

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/mar/10/conservatives.politics 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/mar/10/guardianobituaries.conservatives 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/mar/10/guardianobituaries.conservatives  

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/mar/10/conservatives.uk 

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2001/apr/10/past.derekbrown

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1960-1969/Story/0,,105601,00.html

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1963/dec/06/past.mainsection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18 April 1960

 

Thousands protest against H-bomb

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/18/
newsid_2909000/2909881.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 1959

 

Malawi

 

Britain,

which ruled

what was then

Nyasaland,

imposed

a state of emergency

to stop violent protests

by political activists

of the Nyasaland

African Congress,

led by Hastings Kamuzu Banda,

who were fighting for self-rule.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/20/
malawians-seek-compensation-for-nyasaland-massacre-during-british-rule

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/20/
malawians-seek-compensation-for-nyasaland-massacre-during-british-rule

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Harold Macmillan    1894-1986

 

Prime Minister    1957-1963

 

"You've never had it so good."

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/10/newsid_3783000/3783251.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/29/newsid_2547000/2547307.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11 April 1957

 

Britain agrees to Singapore self-rule

 

 

The British government

is to allow

the island colony

of Singapore

to govern itself

under a new constitution

agreed in London.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/11/newsid_2828000/2828903.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/11/newsid_2828000/2828903.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6 March 1957

 

Africa

 

The colony Gold Coast becomes,

as Ghana,

the first black African nation

to be granted independence

from Britain

 http://www.newsint-archive.co.uk/pages/main.asp

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/6/newsid_2515000/2515459.stm

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/6/newsid_2515000/2515459.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

January 9, 1957

 

Sir Anthony Eden

resigns as Prime Minister

following ill health

and controversy

surrounding the Suez crisis

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1957/jan/10/
conservatives.past
 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/9/newsid_2800000/2800833.stm

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/5193202.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

March 24, 1956

 

Pakistan becomes independent

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1956/mar/24/
kashmir.india

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1956

 

The Suez crisis / Suez and the end of empire

 

British and French forces

withdraw from Suez - 23 December 1956

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/jul/10/pressandpublishing.egypt 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jul/11/egypt.past 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1956/dec/24/fromthearchive 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2001/mar/14/past.education1 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1956/nov/01/iraq

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5199392.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5195068.stm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/suez_01.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/sceptred_isle/page/219.shtml?question=219

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5194576.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5195582.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/5193202.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5195068.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6 November 1956

 

Allied forces take control of Suez

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/november/6/
newsid_3115000/3115888.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26 July 1956

 

Egypt seizes Suez Canal

 

 

Egypt's president,

Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser,

has announced

the nationalisation

of the Suez Canal Company

to provide funding

for the construction

of the Aswan High Dam.

 

The British Government

and French stockholders

who own shares

in the Suez Canal Company

have reacted with shock

to the news.

 

In a two-and-a-half hour

speech delivered

to a mass gathering

in Alexandria,

President Nasser

said the Nationalisation Law

had already been published

in the official gazette.

 

He said

all company assets

in Egypt

had been frozen

and stockholders

would be paid

the price of their shares

according to

today's closing prices

on the Paris Stock Exchange.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/26/newsid_2701000/2701603.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5168698.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/26/
newsid_2701000/2701603.stm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/suez_01.shtml

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5204490.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1956

 

UK / USSR

 

Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1956/feb/13/
fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1956

 

Women return to the workforce

in part-time employment

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/fromthearchive/
story/0,12269,1585368,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

British Pathé archives

 

the 1955 election        May 27, 1955

 

The Conservatives

increase their majority to 60 seats

as Anthony Eden's party beats

the former prime minister,

Clement Attlee

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/27/
newsid_3850000/3850389.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

British Pathé archive

 

The Queen greets Haile Selassie

 

 

Footage from 1954

in which the Queen,

the Duke of Edinburgh

and prime minister Winston Churchill

welcome Ethiopia's emperor

to London

for a three-day state visit

 

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2010/oct/15/
british-pathe-archive-queen-haile-selassie-video
- broken link

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17 September 1953

 

British soldiers

return from prison camps

in North Korea

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1953/sep/17/
mainsection.fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1953

 

Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II

 

Control off sweets

 

 

http://www.nytimes.com/video/world/europe/
100000004345567/the-coronation-of-queen-elizabeth-ii.html
- Apr. 20, 2016

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1953/jun/03/monarchy.fromthearchive 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1953/feb/05/fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1953

 

The Egyptian Republic

 

Anglo-Egyptian relations

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1953/jun/20/
fromthearchive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1953

 

Great floods

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/weather/page/0,,2208302,00.html 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/nov/09/weather.world4

http://www.bbc.co.uk/kent/weather/features/great_flood.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/features/understanding/1953_flood.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/norfolk/senseofplace/floods1953.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

August 1953

 

Iran

 

 

Mohammad Mossadeq

is overthrown in a coup

engineered by the British

and American intelligence

services

 

General Fazlollah Zahedi

is proclaimed

as prime minister

and the Shah returns

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/806268.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/806268.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Great Smog of 1952

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://www.npr.org/2017/10/17/
558316674/death-in-the-air-revisits-5-days-when-london-was-choked-by-poisonous-smog

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kenya        Mau Mau rebels        "Kenya emergency"        1952

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

British Pathé archives        1951 election

 

 

 

British Pre-Elections - Burrows, Chat, Castle, Haas, Kauffman, W.Smith

Date taken: 1950

 

Photographer: Larry Burrows

Life

http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=62589e07a454804e

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1951 general election,

won by Winston Churchill's

Conservative party

thanks to the first-past-the-post

electoral system

https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2010/apr/30/
general-election-1951 - broken link

 

 

 

the 1951 election

(...)

sent Labour into opposition

for 13 years,

but confirmed the greatness

and safeguarded the achievements

of the outgoing Attlee government

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/apr/04/
electionspast.past

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

April 1951

 

Iran

 

 

Parliament votes

to nationalise

the oil industry,

which is dominated

by the British-owned

Anglo-Iranian

Oil Company

 

 

Britain imposes

an embargo and a blockade,

halting oil exports

and hitting the economy.

 

A power struggle between

the Shah and Mossadeq ensues

and the Shah flees the country

in August 1953.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/806268.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/806268.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Korea, 1951

 

Korean War

 

British battles

 

 

https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/
battles/korea/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1950s

 

Cold War

 

Intelligence / Espionage > The Cambridge Five > Double agents

 

George Blake (né Behar)    1922-2020

 

John Cairncross    1913-1995

 

Harold Adrian Russell "Kim" Philby    1912-1988

 

Donald Duart Maclean    1913-1983

 

Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess    1911-1963

 

 

The five were contemporaries

at Cambridge University in the 1930s,

and were attracted to communism

mainly because of the Wall Street crash

and in opposition to appeasers

in the British and other governments

during the rise of Hitler.

 

Burgess

was at the centre of the ring,

all of whom had Soviet controllers

based in London.

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/oct/23/
mi5-mi6-coverup-cambridge-spy-ring-archive-papers

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/dec/27/
george-blake-treachery-born-of-idealism-still-a-waste

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/26/
george-blake-obituary

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/26/
george-blake-mi6-spy-cold-war-double-agent-dies-aged-98

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/sep/24/
confession-of-british-spy-for-the-soviets-kim-philby-made-public-for-first-time

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/apr/26/
spy-named-orphan-donald-maclean-roland-philipps-review

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/apr/23/
spy-named-orphan-enigma-donald-maclean-roland-philipps-review

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/28/
cambridge-spy-guy-burgess-charmed-observer-files

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/feb/14/
guy-burgess-the-spy-who-knew-everyone-stewart-purvis-jeff-hulbert-review

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2016/feb/06/
cambridge-spy-ring-files-whitehall-public

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/oct/23/
mi5-mi6-coverup-cambridge-spy-ring-archive-papers

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/16/
cambridge-spy-ring-maclean-burgess-whitehall-admits-security-lapses

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/sep/20/
stalins-englishman-guy-burgess-andrew-lownie-review

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/sep/10/
stalins-englishman-lives-guy-burgess-andrew-lownie-review

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2013/aug/04/
letters-cambridge-five-so-called-traitors

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/28/
kim-philby-david-astor-observer

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2011/jun/08/
archive-missing-foreign-office-men-now-in-paris-1951

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/nov/07/
books.world

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2003/may/10/
weekend7.weekend2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10 October 1951

 

Winston Churchill

 

Britain's relationship with America

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1951/oct/10/
uk.past 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1950s

 

Anthony Eden

 

France and UK consider 'merger'

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jan/15/
france.eu

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25 May 1950

 

Petrol rationing ends

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/business/1950/may/27/
oil.secondworldwar

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Malaya

 

Malayan Emergency

 

 

Malaya,

a British colony

in the post-war period,

saw the emergence

of a communist-inspired

armed revolt from 1948.

 

The British

proclaimed an emergency,

fighting the rebels

by military means

but also encouraging

a non-communist

independence movement.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/sep/24/2

 

 

 

alleged massacre

by Scots Guards

of 24 villagers in Batang Kali

- December 1948

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/apr/18/
colonial-office-eliminations-malayan-insurgency
 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2012/apr/18/sins-colonialists-concealed-secret-archive

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2012/apr/18/colonial-papers-fco-transparency-myth

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/gallery/2012/apr/18/colonial-archives-kenya-malaya-aden

 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/dec/09/malaysia-human-rights

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/sep/24/
2
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1937 to early 1950s

 

Mass Observation

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/dec/16/
worktown-astonishing-story-mass-observation-david-hall-review

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2013/jul/21/
mass-observation-photographers-gallery

 

https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2013/jul/20/
mass-observation-photographers-gallery-exhibition

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/apr/19/
mass-observation-75-years

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1950

 

India becomes a republic

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/10/newsid_3485000/3485587.stm

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/26/newsid_3475000/3475569.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30 September 1949

 

The Tory party conference agenda

is overtaken by an emergency resolution

on the economic crisis

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1949/sep/30/
past.comment 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1948

 

London Olympics

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/mar/30/
london-1948-olympics-austerity-games

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Palestine        British mandate        1920-1948

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aneurin Bevan    1897-1960            National Health System    1948

 

 

 

Br. Laborite Aneurin Bevan

standing on a soap-box

and making an election campaign speech

on a farm while a small boy is mimicing him.

 

Date taken: May 10, 1955

 

Photographer: Carl Mydans

Life Images

http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=5025a75966408a26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/bevan_aneurin.shtml

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1940-1949/Story/0,6051,105132,00.html 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1940-1949/Story/0,6051,105133,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Race Relations Act 1965

 

The Race Relations Act 1965

was the first piece

of legislation in the UK

to address

the prohibition

of racial discrimination

and followed previously

unsuccessful bills.

 

The Act banned

racial discrimination

in public places

and made the promotion of hatred

on the grounds

of ‘colour, race, or ethnic

or national origins’

an offence.

 

The Bill received Royal Assent

on 8 November 1965,

and came into force a month later

on 8 December 1965.

https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/
private-lives/relationships/collections1/race-relations-act-1965/race-relations-act-1965/

 

 

https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/
private-lives/relationships/collections1/race-relations-act-1965/race-relations-act-1965/

 

https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2018/04/20/
603884872/an-anti-immigration-speech-divided-britain-50-years-ago-it-still-echoes-today

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Winston Churchill    1874-1965

 

https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/churchill/  

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/churchill_winston.shtml

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/24/newsid_2506000/2506493.stm

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/jan/02/sidney-street-siege-100-years 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jan/02/secondworldwar.conservatives 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jan/01/secondworldwar.politics 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1960-1969/Story/0,6051,105637,00.html  

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/1955/apr/06/past.fromthearchive

 

http://www.theguardian.com/politics/1950/feb/21/uk.mainsection 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/1940/may/11/secondworldwar.past 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1940/may/11/mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1899/nov/17/mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UK / USA        Special relationship

 

 

 

The US president [George W. Bush]

 inspecting the Guard of Honour at Buckingham Palace

The Guardian        November 2003

http://www.guardian.co.uk/picture/page/0,13302,1089266,00.html - broken link

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/02/99/e-cyclopedia/1186166.stm

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2006/apr/08/
comment.politics

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1947

 

The great floods

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jul/25/weather.flooding1 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/jul/24/weather.world3 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6448525.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 15 August 1947

 

British empire

 

India and Pakistan win independence

 

 

https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/india-and-pakistan-win-independence

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/empire/episodes/episode_89.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/indiapakistan/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/6947226.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/6947504.stm

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/aug/16/fiction

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/aug/15/india.pakistan 

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/aug/13/fiction 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007wv67

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1947

 

Partition of Palestine

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/middle_east/israel_and_the_palestinians/key_documents/1681322.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/world/2001/israel_and_palestinians/key_maps/6.stm

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1940-1949/
Story/0,6051,105143,00.html  

https://www.theguardian.com/century/year/
0,6050,128354,00.html 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1946

 

Victims of UK's cold war torture camp

 

 

 

Archive pictures of German prisoners held by the British

following the second world war.

Photographs: Martin Argles

 

The postwar photographs

that British authorities tried to keep hidden

· Treatment of suspected communists revealed

· Four court martialled after police inspector's inquiry

The Guardian

Monday April 3, 2006

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/apr/03/
uk.freedomofinformation  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/apr/03/
germany.topstories3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1942

 

William Beveridge's

cradle-to-grave social insurance plan

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/feb/26/
welfare-system-beveridge-75-years

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WW2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On 23rd May 1937,

thousands of children

were sent to the UK

following

the bombing of Guernica

https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2017/may/23/
guernica-spain-war-refugees-80-1937-southampton

 

 

 

 

Children fleeing the Spanish civil war

arrive by boat in Southampton, 1937.

 

Photograph:

Frank Rust/Daily Mail/Rex

 

Guernica at 80:

Nearly 4,000 child refugees arrive in the UK – archive, 1937

On 23rd May 1937,

thousands of children were sent to the UK

following the bombing of Guernica

G

23 May 2017

https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2017/may/23/
guernica-spain-war-refugees-80-1937-southampton#img-1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2017/may/23/
guernica-spain-war-refugees-80-1937-southampton

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Albert Frederick Arthur George / King George VI    (r. 1936-1952)    1895-1952

 

 

 

[ King George VI

Elizabeth Queen Of England Consort Of George VI ]

Undated

 

Life Images

http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=683db1a383fda5b8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


King George VI and Queen Elizabeth

stand amid the bomb damage

at Buckingham Palace.

 

Photograph: PA

 

Fascism, abdication and war: the story of a turbulent era

O

Sunday 19 July 2015        00.05 BST

http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/jul/19/
timeline-nazism-abdication-war-turbulent-royal-era

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

George VI

became King unexpectedly

following the abdication

of his brother,

King Edward VIII,

in 1936

http://www.royal.gov.uk/HistoryoftheMonarchy/
KingsandQueensoftheUnitedKingdom/TheHouseofWindsor/GeorgeVI.aspx - broken link

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2703403.stm

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/6/newsid_2711000/2711265.stm

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/ww2outbreak/7918.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oswald Mosley's

British Union of Fascists

 

 

1936

 

Battle of Cable Street

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/sep/30/
thefarright.past  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Edward Windsor / King Edward VIII    r. 1936    (1894-1972)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1936

 

The Jarrow march / crusade

 

 

Mass unemployment

and extreme poverty

in the north-east of England

drove 200 men

to march in protest

from Jarrow to London.

 

Their MP,

Ellen Wilkinson

was with them

as they came south

to petition parliament

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/britain_wwone/jarrow_01.shtml

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/britain_wwone/jarrow_01.shtml

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/sep/28/
jarrow-crusaders-win-fight-council-fees 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1932

 

The Lancashire 'hunger-marchers'

reach Brentford

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1932/oct/27/
mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1931

 

Depression

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/year/
0,6050,128330,00.html  

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1930-1939/
Story/0,6051,126796,00.html 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1929

 

Wall Street Crash

 

Unemployment in Britain in 1932

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/england/ear20_wall_street_crash.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Herbert Henry Asquith    1852-1928

 

Prime Minister    1908-1916

 

 

 

 

TITLE: H.H. Asquith

CALL NUMBER: LC-B2- 4064-14[P&P]

MEDIUM: 1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller.

CREATED/PUBLISHED: [no date recorded on caption card]

FORMAT: Glass negatives.

REPOSITORY:

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division

Washington, D.C. 20540 USA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Herbert_Henry_Asquith.jpg 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/asquith_herbert.shtml

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/08/
margot-asquith-diaries-insolent-churchill-ignorant-kitchener

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1921

 

The Anglo Irish treaty

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/events/northern_ireland/history/64206.stm

 

https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/ait1921.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21 November 1920

 

Ireland

 

First Bloody Sunday / The Croke Park massacre

 

The IRA kills

14 British undercover

intelligence officers

in a series of morning raids

in Dublin

on Sunday, November 21.

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/feb/23/
rugbyunion.foreignpolicy 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1920-1929/
Story/0,,126559,00.html

 

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/historical-journal/article/
killing-and-bloody-sunday-november-1920/
2061F125D236E8594A25C564C0F31475

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/events/northern_ireland/history/64204.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1919-1921

 

Ireland

 

The War of Independence

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/easterrising/index.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Palestine        British mandate        1920-1948

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

19 October 1920

 

Parliament debates the coal strikes

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1920/oct/19/
fromthearchive 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Over an 80-year period,

the British fought

three wars in Afghanistan,

occupying or controlling

the country in between,

and lost tens

of thousands of dead

along the way.

 

Finally, exhausted

by the First World War,

Britain gave up in 1919

and granted Afghanistan

independence.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/29/
world/asia/afghanistan-graveyard-empires-historical-pictures.html

 

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/29/
world/asia/afghanistan-graveyard-empires-historical-pictures.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Afghanistan

 

Third Anglo-Afghan War

 

 

The third war broke out

when Afghanistan

declared independence

from this quasi-British rule

in 1919.

 

However, for Britain,

the Bolshevik Revolution

had reduced

the Russian threat and,

with military spending crippled

in the wake of the World War I,

interest in Afghanistan

gradually waned.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8151294.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8151294.stm

 

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/29/
world/asia/afghanistan-graveyard-empires-historical-pictures.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

31 January 1919        Glasgow, Scotland        Battle of George Square

 

 

 

A police officer uses his baton on a striker

during the general strike in Glasgow.

 

Photograph:

Hulton Archive/Getty Images

 

100 years on:

the day they read the Riot Act as chaos engulfed Glasgow

Westminster feared a ‘Bolshevik uprising’

when 60,000 strikers fought police on the streets.

What really happened in the Battle of George Square?

G

Sun 6 Jan 2019        08.00 GMT

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/jan/06/
100-years-on-the-day-they-read-the-riot-act-in-glasgow

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tens of thousands

of striking workers,

many accompanied

by their families,

were baton-charged

by police.

 

A battle erupted,

heads were broken

and for one

of the last times,

civic officials

read the Riot Act.

 

A panic-stricken

cabinet in London

sent in troops and tanks,

and for a moment revolution

looked set to sweep

western Scotland.

 

(...)

 

Glasgow

was at the time a centre

for heavy goods manufacture,

and demobbed soldiers

were returning in search of work.

 

Factory owners

wanted to maintain

the 47-hour working week,

while workers wanted

a 40-hour week

so that everyone

could get a job,

says John Foster,

an emeritus professor

at the University

of the West of Scotland.

 

“The factory owners

wanted them to do more work

so there would be fewer jobs

and they would have

a permanent

unemployed workforce

at their beck and call.”

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/jan/06/
100-years-on-the-day-they-read-the-riot-act-in-glasgow

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/jan/06/
100-years-on-the-day-they-read-the-riot-act-in-glasgow

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18 January 1919

 

Paris peace conference begins

 

conference to establish

the terms of the peace

after the first world war

https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2019/jan/09/
paris-peace-conference-first-world-war-1919

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2019/jan/09/
paris-peace-conference-first-world-war-1919

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1918

 

flu pandemic

 

In October 1918,

as a second wave

of Spanish influenza

spread across Britain,

its wards were inundated

with pneumonia cases.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/05/
nurses-fell-like-ninepins-death-and-bravery-in-the-1918-flu-pandemic

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/may/24/
my-familys-history-reveals-the-terrible-toll-a-pandemic-takes-on-mental-health

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/05/
nurses-fell-like-ninepins-death-and-bravery-in-the-1918-flu-pandemic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1918

 

Representation of the People Act

 

 

The 20th century

(...)

saw the introduction

of universal suffrage

in Britain.

 

Previously,

only men

had been entitled

to vote

in parliamentary

elections.

 

The Representation

of the People Act 1918

was the first,

though limited,

legislative step

towards giving women

the vote.

 

Yet the vote

was only one

of many changes

that women

had to fight for,

along with

opportunities

for employment

and education,

the reform of marriage

and divorce laws,

and the provision

of pensions for widows.

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/
pathways/citizenship/brave_new_world/making_history_brave.htm

 

 

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/
citizenship/brave_new_world/making_history_brave.htm

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/feb/04/
shambolic-womens-groups-accuse-government-over-vote-centenary-funding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

World War one / The Great War

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1919-1945

 

The First Women MPs

 

 

https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/parliamentary-archives/
explore-guides-to-documentary-archive-/archives-highlights/archives-the-suffragettes/
archives-the-first-women-in-parliament-1919-1945/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arthur James Balfour

 

The Balfour Declaration    1917

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1632259.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/
middle_east/israel_and_the_palestinians/key_documents/1682961.stm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/v3_ip_timeline/html/1917.stm

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/jun/28/
balfour-and-weizmann-geoffrey-lewis

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/nov/29/afghanistan.
internationaleducationnews 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1917

 

Britain's occupation of Iraq

 

 

http://www.theguardian.com/news/1917/mar/11/
mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Sykes-Picot agreement

was a secret understanding

concluded in 1916

between

Great Britain and France,

with the assent of Russia,

for the dismemberment

of the Ottoman Empire.

 

The agreement

was not implemented,

but it established

the principles

for the division

a few years later

of the Turkish-held region

into the French

and British-administered areas

of Syria, Iraq, Lebanon

and Palestine.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/v3_israel_palestinians/maps/html/british_control.stm

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/
v3_israel_palestinians/maps/html/british_control.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1916

 

Ireland

 

Easter Rising

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/apr/17/
topstories3.mainsection 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/apr/10/
ireland

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1906-1914

 

Ulster Crisis

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/ni/rise_sinn_fein.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 28, 1914

 

A Bosnian Serb,

Gavrilo Princip,

assassinates Archduke

Francis Ferdinand of Austria,

heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne,

in Sarajevo, Bosnia Herzegovina

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1914/jun/29/
fromthearchive 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/
assassination-of-archduke-franz-ferdinand/5647.html

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A11873900

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Britain and France

 

Entente cordiale    1904

 

Entente Cordiale celebrations    1905 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The suffragettes

 

Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act    1928

 

Legal milestones for women    1832-1928

 

Emmeline Pankhurst    1858 or 1857-1928

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1920

 

Government of Ireland Act

 

 

https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/goi231220.htm  

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/events/northern_ireland/history/64204.stm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1849-1920

 

The Ulster Crisis

 

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/timelines/ni/ulster_crisis_1860.shtml

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2 January 1911

 

Sidney Street siege, London

 

 

Police, soldiers

– and a young politician

on the rise –

waged an extraordinary battle

against

'alien anarchists and criminals'

 

(...)

 

Crowds of spectators

and the home secretary

– a rising young politician

called Winston Churchill –

watched

as Scots Guards and police

exchanged fire for six hours

with gunmen

holed up in a tenement.

 

Maxim machine guns

were called for

and the Royal Horse Artillery

clattered up with 13-pounder guns,

though too late to take part.

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/jan/02/
sidney-street-siege-100-years

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/jan/02/
sidney-street-siege-100-years 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1910

 

Conflict between striking miners

and policemen in the Rhondda Valley

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1910/nov/09/
mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1909

 

Government feared

suffragette plot to kill Asquith

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/sep/29/
gender.women 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1908

 

Moving towards a welfare state

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1908/nov/11/
uk.socialexclusion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prime Minister Arthur James Balfour        PM 1902 to 1905        1848-1930

 

 

 

Arthur Balfour, former Prime Minister of the UK.

Unknown date

Author: George Grantham Bain

Primary source

http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ggbain.02758

Source

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arthur_Balfour,_photo_portrait_facing_left.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Balfour

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In 1891 Balfour

became First Lord

of the Treasury

and Leader

of the Commons.

 

He regained

the same positions

on the Conservatives’

re-election

in 1895.

 

When Lord Salisbury retired,

Balfour became Prime Minister,

but his cabinet split

on the free trade issue

and his relations

with the king were poor.

 

Defeats in the Commons

and in by-elections

led to his resignation

in December 1905.

https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers/arthur-james-balfour

 

 

https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers/
arthur-james-balfour 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cecil Rhodes    1853-1902

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/century/1899-1909/
Story/0,,126334,00.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1899-1902

 

Second Boer War 

 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1903/apr/27/
mainsection.fromthearchive

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1901/sep/26/
mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

https://www.theguardian.com/news/1899/nov/17/
mainsection.fromthearchive 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related > Anglonautes > History > Ancient Britain - early 21st century

 

Ancient Britain - Early 21st century

England, United Kingdom, British Empire

 

 

British Empire > India > 20th century

 

 

20th century > Northern Ireland

 

 

17th, 18th, 19th, 20th century

English America, America, USA

Racism, Slavery,

Abolition, Civil war,

Abraham Lincoln

 

 

17th, 18th, 19th century

English America, America, USA

 

 

 

 

 

Related

 

Let's end the myths of Britain's imperial past

David Cameron

would have us look back

to the days of the British empire with pride.

But there is little

in the brutal oppression and naked greed

with which it was built that deserves our respect

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/oct/19/
end-myths-britains-imperial-past

 

 

 

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