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History
> Early 21st century, 20th century > USA
- Cuba relationship > Timeline in pictures

Fidel Castro's army chief of
staff,
Major Juan Almeida, left,
and Captain Antonio Nunez
Jimenez,
head of Cuba's National Agrarian
Reform Institute,
at the Hotel Theresa in Harlem,
when the Cubans met the leaders
of the black empowerment
movement
and other civil rights
activists.
April 1959 - check.
Photograph:
William N. Jacobellis/NYP
Holdings, Inc.,
via Getty Images
Chanting Crowds and Camo Chic
Sixty years ago Fidel Castro came to New York,
mesmerizing throngs
and leaving an enduring mark on fashion.
The New York Times
April 16, 2019
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/16/
fashion/fidel-castro-radical-chic.html

Cuban rebel Jorge Serguera (C)
acting as prosecuter at public trial.
Location: Havana, Cuba
Date taken: 1959
Photograph: Joseph Scherschel
Life Images
http://images.google.com/hosted/life/a4aebc1e050d7bb2.html

Dictator
Fulgencio Batista (R)
speaking into microphone,
promising happy days coming.
Location: Havana, Cuba
Date taken: March 1952
Photographer: George Skadding
Life Images
http://images.google.com/hosted/life/7591325ae91e18dd.html
March 2016
Obama's historic trip to Cuba
http://www.npr.org/series/395846943/cubas-new-era-stories-from-havana
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/cp/international/obama-in-cuba
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/27/
arts/music/another-first-for-cuba-a-concert-by-the-rolling-stones.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/27/
world/americas/with-obama-visit-to-cuba-old-battle-lines-fade.html
http://www.theguardian.com/music/gallery/2016/mar/26/
rolling-stones-cuba-free-concert-pictures
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/24/world/americas/
obamaurges-raised-voices-incubas-husheddiscussions-ofrace.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/23/nyregion/
in-a-cuban-enclave-in-new-jersey-mixed-feelings-about-reconciliation.html
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/22/
471410913/watch-live-president-obama-delivers-speech-in-havana
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/22/world/americas/
obama-and-raul-castro-to-meet-in-pivotal-moment-for-us-cuba-thaw.html
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/21/
471265506/in-cuba-president-obama-lays-wreath-at-a-jos-mart-memorial
http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2016/03/21/
471233389/obamas-cuba-visit-raises-the-question-of-guantanamo-bays-future
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/21/
471265506/in-cuba-president-obama-lays-wreath-at-a-jos-mart-memorial
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/21/world/americas/cuba-
obama-visit-havana-dissidents.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/21/world/americas/
obama-arrives-in-cuba.html
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/20/
471190812/president-obama-touches-down-in-cuba-commencing-a-historic-visit
http://www.npr.org/2016/03/20/
471194927/president-obama-arrives-in-cuba-with-his-family
http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2016/03/20/
470831222/pressing-for-change-in-cuba-from-exile-in-spain
http://www.npr.org/2016/03/20/
471161653/a-hope-to-normalize-cuban-relations-ahead-of-obama-s-landmark-visit
http://www.nytimes.com/video/world/americas/
100000004282427/dissidents-detained-before-obama-visit.html - Mar. 20,
2016
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/20/
471190812/president-obama-touches-down-in-cuba-commencing-a-historic-visit
http://www.npr.org/2016/03/19/
471003163/after-reaching-out-his-hand-president-obama-will-step-foot-in-cuba
The U.S. And
Cuba:
A Brief History
Of A Complicated Relationship
http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/12/17/
371405620/the-u-s-and-cuba-a-brief-history-of-a-tortured-relationship
August 14, 2015
U.S. Flag Flies
Over Embassy In Cuba
For First Time
In 54 Years
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/08/14/
432221261/stars-and-strips-to-be-raised-over-u-s-embassy-in-cuba
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/08/13/432068588/
on-eve-of-embassy-reopening-fidel-castro-says-u-s-owes-cuba-millions
July 20, 2015
After 54 Years,
The U.S. And
Cuba
Formally Restore Ties
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/07/20/
424582303/after-54-years-the-u-s-and-cuba-formally-restore-ties
May 29, 2015
U.S. Drops Cuba
From List Of State
Sponsors Of Terrorism
http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/05/29/
410543192/u-s-drops-cuba-from-state-sponsored-terrorism-list
2014-2015
Cuba Shifts
Toward Capitalism
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/11/world/americas/cuba-us-
obama-castro-terrorism.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/07/
opinion/cuban-expectations-in-a-new-era.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/25/world/americas/as-cuba-
shifts-toward-capitalism-inequality-grows-more-visible.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/22/world/cuba-
seizures-now-present-opportunities.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/19/us/
politics/obama-intends-to-lift-several-restrictions-against-cuba-on-his-own.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/us/in-miami-
astonishment-over-action-and-disagreement-over-cuba-news.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/12/17/world/americas/cuba-
sanctions.html
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/12/17/world/americas/cuba-
sanctions.html
December 2014
President Obama
orders the restoration
of full
diplomatic relations
with Cuba
and the opening
of an embassy
in Havana
for the first
time
in more than a half-century
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/us-cuba-relations.html
President Obama Delivers a
Statement on Cuba Video 17 December 2014
On December 17, 2014,
President Obama delivered
remarks
on next steps he’s taking to
chart a new course
on U.S.-Cuba relations.
YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyw1iKif9Zs
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/us-cuba-
relations.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/us-
frees-last-of-the-cuban-five-part-of-a-1990s-spy-ring-.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/as-havana-
celebrates-historic-shift-economic-and-political-hopes-rise.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/cuba-
off-the-blacklist-leaves-only-north-korea.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/breakthrough-on-cuba-
highlights-popes-role-as-diplomatic-broker.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/
alan-gross-cuba-and-the-united-states.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/us/politics/cuba-action-
is-obamas-latest-step-away-from-a-cautious-approach.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyw1iKif9Zs
Maria Hernández
Rodríguez del Rey 1921-2014
Ms. Hernández
(...)
became one of the first
four members
of
Mr. Castro’s
general staff,
(...)
went on to
share
many secrets
with the man
she helped make
the Cuban revolution
— beginning with
its opening volley,
an attack on
the
Moncada
army barracks
in southeastern
Cuba
on July 26, 1953.
(...)
That idealism
turned deadly
at the Moncada barracks
in Santiago de
Cuba,
on the southeast coast.
More than 130
outnumbered,
outgunned rebels
— accounts
differ
on precisely how many —
failed to
capture
military arms,
their objective.
As many as 60
were killed
in the fighting
or as prisoners.
About 18 police
officers
and soldiers were killed.
What was a
disaster
in human terms
helped put
the little-known
Mr. Castro
at the center
of the opposition
to the dictator
Fulgencio Batista.
Six years later,
Batista
was overthrown
by Mr. Castro’s so-called
26th
of July Movement.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/world/americas/
melba-hernandez-a-confidante-of-castro-from-first-volley-is-dead-at-92.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/16/world/americas/
melba-hernandez-a-confidante-of-castro-from-first-volley-is-dead-at-92.html
Huber Matos
Benítez 1918-2014
top commander
in
Fidel Castro’s army
who broke
from
the Cuban revolution
in 1959
over its tilt
toward Communism,
endured a harsh
imprisonment for 20 years
and became a
leader
of anti-Castro exiles
in Florida
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/01/world/americas/huber-matos-comrade-of-castro-then-adversary-dies-at-95.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/01/world/americas/
huber-matos-comrade-of-castro-then-adversary-dies-at-95.html
Oscar Espinosa
Chepe 1940-2013
high-ranking
Cuban
economist and diplomat
who became a
vocal critic
of Fidel Castro in the 1990s
but chose to
remain in Cuba,
despite enduring
harassment
and imprisonment
(...)
Mr. Espinosa
Chepe,
who joined
Castro’s
revolutionary government
in the early 1960s
and was once
head of the powerful
Office of Agrarian Reform,
had frequently
clashed
with fellow economic planners
over policies he
considere
overly dogmatic.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/26/world/americas/
oscar-espinosa-chepe-cuban-economist-and-critic-of-castro-dies-at-72.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/26/world/americas/
oscar-espinosa-chepe-cuban-economist-and-critic-of-castro-dies-at-72.html
Alfredo Guevara
Valdés 1925-2013
Marxist
intellectual
and ally of Fidel Castro
who presided
over Cuba’s
powerful state-financed
film industry
and its many
acclaimed movies
for much of the Castro era
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/23/
movies/alfredo-guevara-valdes-steward-of-cuban-cinema-and-castro-ally-dies-at-87.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/23/
movies/alfredo-guevara-valdes-steward-of-cuban-cinema-and-castro-ally-dies-at-87.html
22 April 2000
USA
Federal agents seize Elian Gonzalez
from the home of his relatives in Miami

Border Patrol agents
searching the Miami home of Lazaro
Gonzalez
found Elian Gonzalez, 6, being held by Donato Dalrymple,
in
April 2000.
The boy was returned to his father in Cuba
after a custody battle with Florida relatives.
Alan Diaz/Associated Press
U.S. to Restore Full Relations With Cuba,
Erasing a Last Trace
of Cold War Hostility
NYT
DEC. 17, 2014
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/us-cuba-relations.html
https://www.theguardian.com/world/elian-gonzalez
https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/apr/24/1
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2010/04/
elian_gonzalez_10_years_cuba.html - April 22, 2010
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/apr/06/elian-gonzalez-cuba-picture
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/feb/21/elian-gonzalez-cuba-tug-war
https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2010/feb/19/elian-gonzalez-fidel-castro
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/apr/22/news.fromthearchive
https://www.theguardian.com/elian/0,2759,213941,00.html
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz
1926 or 1927 - 2016
Fulgencio Batista Zaldívar 1901-1973
https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2013/mar/11/cuba-
batista-fifth-revolution-1952
https://www.theguardian.com/media/from-the-archive-blog/2011/may/29/castro-cuba-
revolution-1959
Che Guevara
1928-1967
diplomatic relations
between the United States and Cuba
in the early 1960s
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/19/us/
erwin-harris-ad-executive-who-seized-cuban-assets-dies-at-91.html
1961-1962
USA / Cuba Bay of Pigs Invasion Missile crisis
Castro directs troops
in defeat of invasion
attempt
by U.S.-backed Cuban exiles
at Bay of Pigs
April 19, 1961
http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN1922589220080219
https://www.nytimes.com/topic/subject/cuban-missile-crisis-1962
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4925262.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/17/newsid_3394000/3394067.stm
http://www.archives.gov/research/alic/reference/military/cuban-missile-crisis.html
http://www.foia.cia.gov/bay_of_pigs.asp
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/forrel/cuba/cubamenu.htm
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/colc.html
https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1962-cuba-un1.asp
http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/10/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/oct/23/
cuban-missile-crisis-prism-selfserving-myths
https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2012/oct/14/
cuban-missile-crisis-50-years-in-pictures
President John F. Kennedy
signs a quarantine order
in October 1962
after American satellites
discovered
that the
Soviet Union
had positioned
nuclear missiles on Cuba,
a mere 90 miles from Florida.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/us-cuba-
relations.html#slideshow/100000003333137/100000003333147
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/world/americas/
us-cuba-relations.html#slideshow/100000003333137/100000003333147
United States / Cuba >
Missile Crisis
October 1962
George Whelan
Anderson, Jr. 1906-1992
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/16/
opinion/the-eyeball-to-eyeball-myth-and-the-cuban-missile-crisiss-legacy.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/oct/15/
cuban-missile-crisis-russian-roulette
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2012/oct/14/
cuban-missile-crisis-exhibition-kennedy-recordings-video
http://www.guardian.co.uk/theguardian/from-the-archive-blog/2012/oct/14/
cuban-missile-crisis-50-archive-1962
http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN1922589220080219
http://www.archives.gov/research/alic/reference/military/cuban-missile-crisis.html
http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/04/cuba_looks_back_-_and_forward.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2002/oct/14/netnotes.cuba
https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nsa/cuba_mis_cri/
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/spiesfly/brugioni.html
http://www.nytimes.com/books/97/10/19/home/missile.html
http://www.nytimes.com/books/97/10/19/home/crisis-review.html
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1022.html
http://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/22/us/
adm-george-w-anderson-85-was-in-charge-of-cuba-blockade.html
February 7, 1962
U.S. imposes
full economic embargo on Cuba
http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN1922589220080219

Cuba, 1961-65
Photograph: Paolo Gasparini
Revolution! Latin American photography – in pictures
From the photos by Alberto Korda
that helped canonise Che Guevara
to snatched street images of resistance,
new show Urban Impulses embraces
a turbulent half-century of revolvers and rebellion
G
Thu 13 Jun 2019 07.00 BST
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2019/jun/13/
revolution-latin-american-photography-in-pictures
1 January 1959
Rebel army
drives out Cuban dictator
The President of
Cuba,
Fulgencio Batista,
has fled the
country,
his government in ruins,
in the face of a
relentless
advance by the rebel army
led by a
32-year-old lawyer,
Fidel Castro.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/newsid_3413000/3413749.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/1/
newsid_3413000/3413749.stm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/castro/peopleevents/p_batista.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/castro/
Related > Anglonautes > History
> 20th century
USA > early 21st - 20th century > Cuba
Fidel Castro (1926 or 1927 - 2016)
Argentina, Bolivia, Cuba
Che Guevara 1928-1967
Latin America
> Operation Condor 1970s-1980s
USA > Vietnam War 1962-1975
Cold War
/ холодная война
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