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History > America, English America, USA > 20th century > USA > Civil rights > Timeline in pictures
White supremacist massacre Tulsa, Oklahoma 31 May 1921
Tulsa, Oklahoma, US Darius Kirk looks at a mural depicting the Tulsa Race Massacre in the historic Greenwood neighbourhood ahead of centennial commemorations of the massacre.
The area, originally known as Black Wall Street, was destroyed a hundred years ago when a murderous white mob laid waste to what was the nation’s most prosperous Black-owned business district and residential neighbourhood.
Photograph: John Locher/AP
20 photographs of the week The aftermath of the conflict in Gaza and Israel, the one-year anniversary of George Floyd’s death, the Nyiragongo volcano erupts near Goma, and Covid deaths in India: the most striking images from around the world this week G Fri 28 May 2021 19.22 BST
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2021/may/28/
“I was there when it happened,” said Hughes Van Ellis, who is 100 years old. “I’m still here.”
Photograph: Stefani Reynolds for The New York Times
At 107, 106 and 100, Remaining Tulsa Massacre Survivors Plead for Justice The three known survivors, who were all children in 1921, offered their firsthand accounts of the race massacre at a hearing in Washington. NYT May 20, 2021
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/20/
Lessie Benningfield Randle, a 106-year-old survivor of the Tulsa massacre.
Photograph: Rahim Fortune for The New York Times
100 Years After the Tulsa Massacre, What Does Justice Look Like? In 1921, a white mob attacked the Greenwood district of Tulsa, killing hundreds of Black people and destroying the neighborhood. Justice has never been served. Can it still be today? NYT May 25, 2021 5:00 a.m. ET
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/25/
Survivors of the 1921 riot, which left hundreds of Black residents dead, shared their stories before a House Judiciary subcommittee and asked members of Congress to help them secure justice.
Photograph: Stefani Reynolds for The New York Times
At 107, 106 and 100, Remaining Tulsa Massacre Survivors Plead for Justice The three known survivors, who were all children in 1921, offered their firsthand accounts of the race massacre at a hearing in Washington. May 20, 2021 Updated 10:03 a.m. ET NYT
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/20/
Why Trump’s Tulsa Rally Put the City’s Black Residents on Edge NYT 22 june 2020
Why Trump’s Tulsa Rally Put the City’s Black Residents on Edge Video NYT News The New York Times 22 june 2020
President Trump’s rally in Tulsa, Okla., the site of one of the country’s worst episodes of racial violence in 1921, angered the city’s black residents.
In this news analysis, we explain what this moment could mean for Mr. Trump’s re-election bid.
YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jdps9MiVKqA
Mt. Zion Baptist Church was burned by white mobs during the 1921 Tulsa race riot.
Photograph: Greenwood Cultural Center, via Associated Press
Tulsa’s Prayers, and Past Scars, Softened Reaction to Police Shooting NYT Sept. 23, 2016
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/24/
Smoke rises from buildings during the 1921 race riot in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Photograph: Library Of Congress/Reuters
Tulsa still haunted by memory of white supremacist massacre on eve of Trump visit G Fri 19 Jun 2020 14.11 BST Last modified on Fri 19 Jun 2020 15.11 BST
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/19/
Tulsa on fire in 1921, after a white mob laid waste to its thriving Greenwood district, a commercial area developed by leaders of the city’s Black population.
Hundreds were killed by the white mob and thousands left homeless.
Photograph: Library of Congress
Review: The Tulsa Massacre, Remembered by Those Who Survived “Goin’ Back to T-Town,” the 1993 PBS documentary about the mass murder of a city’s Black residents and the destruction of their community, returns. NYT February 7, 2021
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/
Some of the ruins from the Tulsa Race Massacre in June 1921, when white vigilantes set the Oklahoma city’s African-American district ablaze.
Photograph: Bettmann Archive/Getty Images
The Burning of Black Wall Street, Revisited Nearly a century after the Tulsa Race Massacre, the search for the dead continues. NYT June 19, 2020
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/19/
The remains of the Greenwood district in June 1921.
Photograph: via The Library of Congress
100 Years After the Tulsa Massacre, What Does Justice Look Like? In 1921, a white mob attacked the Greenwood district of Tulsa, killing hundreds of Black people and destroying the neighborhood. Justice has never been served. Can it still be today? NYT May 25, 2021 5:00 a.m. ET
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/25/
A group of National Guard troops, carrying rifles with bayonets attached, escort unarmed African-American men to a detention center after the Tulsa Race Massacre in June 1921.
Photograph: Oklahoma Historical Society/Getty Images
The Burning of Black Wall Street, Revisited Nearly a century after the Tulsa Race Massacre, the search for the dead continues. NYT June 19, 2020
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/19/
Black detainees are led to Convention Hall following the race riot in Tulsa, Okla., in 1921.
Photograph: Tulsa Historical Society & Museum
Tulsa’s Prayers, and Past Scars, Softened Reaction to Police Shooting NYT Sept. 23, 2016
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/24/
31 May, 1921
Tulsa, Oklahoma
White supremacist massacre
on June 1, (...) the neighborhood of Greenwood, home to a business district known as Black Wall Street, was destroyed by a white mob.
The mob looted and set fire to the businesses, and historians estimate up to 300 people were killed, 8,000 left homeless, 23 churches burned and more than 1,200 homes destroyed.
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/20/
As African American economic successes, especially business and property ownership, mounted, fear and jealousy swelled within the white community.
White corporate and railroad interests coveted the land on which the Greenwood district sat.
The Ku Klux Klan made its presence known.
The media fanned the flames of racial discord.
And, of course, systemic racism continued unchecked.
On 31 May, thousands of armed white men, some deputized by local law enforcement, invaded the Greenwood district and savaged Tulsa’s burgeoning black community.
They gunned people down and set fires throughout the district.
Planes, likely privately owned, dropped incendiary devices on the Greenwood district.
In less than 24 hours, a white mob reduced a vibrant, 35-block area to rubble and dead bodies.
Hundreds of people, as many as 300, died, with many others injured.
Most were black.
Some African Americans fled Tulsa, never to return.
Property damage, conservatively estimated, ranged from $1.5m to $2m, well over $25m in present value.
The massacre depleted black wealth to an inestimable degree.
Black prosperity slowly returned, peaking in the 1940s, but was hobbled by insurance redlining, discrimination, and the challenges that accompanied integration and “urban renewal”.
- Guardian, June 19, 2020
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jun/19/
A white mob rampaged through a wealthy black business district in Tulsa, Okla., in 1921, in a spate of violence that destroyed more than 1,200 homes and left up to 300 people dead.
- NYT, October 4, 2018
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/04/
Police are still investigating (in 2012) whether the weekend shooting spree in Tulsa, Okla., was racially motivated.
A massive riot there in 1921 left about three dozen people dead. - NPR, April 10, 2012
https://www.npr.org/2012/04/10/
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