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learning > anglais > réviser les bases > grammaire explicative en BD > GV

 

faire une hypothèse

relative au passé / présent / futur

 

 

imaginer,

faire une hypothèse

relative au présent ou au futur

avec

le passé hypothétique

(appelé aussi

prétérit hypothétique

ou

prétérit modal)

 

 

 

 

à l'inverse du

passé / prétérit temporel,

qui permet de parler

du passé chronologique,

 

 

 

 

le passé hypothétique

ne renvoie pas

au passé chronologique

(il est donc mal nommé

et il faudrait lui trouver

un autre nom):

 

 

le passé hypothétique

sert à formuler,

dans un contexte présent ou futur,

un souhait,

une hypothèse,

souvent soumis (-e)

à condition.

 

 

Lorsqu'il est soumis à condition,

le passé hypothétique

est introduit par

la conjonctionconditionnelle

if (si) :

 

What would happen

if I decided not to go to school today?

 

 

 

 

What would happen

if I decided not to go to school today?

 

Peanuts

Charles Schulz

GoComics

December 04, 2016

https://www.gocomics.com/peanuts/2016/12/04

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

passé hypothétique > conjugaison

 

Pour tous les verbes

- sauf be -

le passé hypothétique

se conjugue

comme le passé temporel.

 

 

 

Pour mieux se rappeler

cette règle de conjugaison,

on peut retenir cette formule,

valable pour tous les verbes,

be excepté :

 

 passé hypothétique

=

passé temporel

 

sauf pour be

 

 

 

 

 

2 exemples

avec le verbe irrégulier win

 

won

(passétemporel ou passéhypothétique)

 

 

wonpassé temporel

 

I won a lot of money last month.

 

 

 

wonpassé hypothétique

 

If I won the lottery,

I would buy a house.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Anglais non familier, "correct" > be > conjugaison

 

seul be

n'a pas la même conjugaison

au passé temporel

et au passé hypothétique :

 

au passé hypothétique,

be

se conjugue

were

à toutes les personnes.

 

 

 

passé temporel

(chronologique) :

 

I was happy when I was young.

 

 

 

 

passé hypothétique

(hypothèse relative à un présent / futur

souvent imaginé, fantasmé, désiré) :

 

If I were rich,

I would buy a house.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

David Gilmour        (I) Wish You Were Here

 

 

 

 

David Gilmour - Wish You Were Here 1080p HD

YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EodytPmki5s

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I wish I were in the funny papers.

 

Dick Tracy

by Joe Staton and Mike Curtis

Gocomics

March 30, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I wish I were walking with her...

 

I wish I were walking right beside her,

and we were talking

 

I wish she'd [ would ] invite me over to her house some time...

 

I wish she'd [ would ] come up to me and say...

 

Peanuts

by Charles Schulz

Gocomics

April 29, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjugaisons > be

 

En anglais familier,

bepassé temporel

et

bepassé hypothétique

ont la même conjugaison,

celle du passé temporel.

 

 

 

Exemples :

 

passé temporel (chronologique)

 

I was in London yesterday

 

 

 

 

passé hypothétique

 

If I was rich...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Syntaxe > Propositions

 

Une proposition en if

au passé hypothétique

est liée à

une proposition

en would / could + Base Verbale (BV) :

 

 

 If I were a boy,

I would / could + BV

 

If I were a boy

Even just for a day

I'd [ would ] roll out of bed in the morning

 

(...)

 

If I were a boy

I think I could understand

How it feels to love a girl

Beyoncé - If I Were A Boy - 2008

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWpsOqh8q0M

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rappel :

 

would et could

sont des auxiliaires de modalité

(également appelés modaux).

 

 

would et could

permettent,

dans un contexte

de présent ou de futur hypothétique,

d'exprimer

un état ou un pouvoir

souhaité, imaginaire, virtuel :

 

 

If you werepassé hypothétique a tree,

what kind of tree would you be?

 

 

 

 

If you were a tree,

[ were est ici passé hypothétique de be ],

 

what kind of tree would you be?

 

Nancy

by Guy Gilchrist and Brad Gilchrist

Gocomics

February 12, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beyoncé        If I were a boy, I would / could + Base verbale

 

 

 

 

Beyoncé - If I Were A Boy        Lyrics video        2008

YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWpsOqh8q0M

 

 

 

 

[Verse 1]


If I were a boy
Even just for a day
I'd [ would ] roll out of bed in the morning
And throw on what I wanted then go
Drink beer with the guys
And chase after girls
I'd [ would ] kick it with who I wanted
And I'd [ would ] never get confronted for it
'Cause they'd stick up for me


 

 


[Chorus]


If I were a boy
I think I could understand
How it feels to love a girl
I swear I'd  [ would ] be a better man
I'd  [ wouldlisten to her
'Cause I know how it hurts
When you lose the one you wanted
'Cause he's taken you for granted
And everything you had got destroyed


 

 


[Verse 2]


If I were a boy
I would turn off my phone
Tell everyone it's broken
So they'd think that I was sleepin' alone
I'd put myself first
And make the rules as I go
'Cause I'd know that she'd be faithful
Waitin' for me to come home
To come home


 

 


[Chorus]


If I were a boy
I think I could understand
How it feels to love a girl
I swear I'd be a better man
I'd listen to her
'Cause I know how it hurts
When you lose the one you wanted (Wanted)
'Cause he's taken you for granted (Granted)
And everything you had got destroyed

 

 



[Bridge]


It's a little too late for you to come back
Say, it's just a mistake
Think I'd forgive you like that
If you thought I would wait for you
You thought wrong


 

 


[Outro]


But you're just a boy
You don't understand
(Yeah, you don't understand, oh)
How it feels to love a girl
Someday, you'll wish you were a better man
You don't listen to her
You don't care how it hurts
Until you lose the one you wanted
'Cause you've taken her for granted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you were ( sous-entendu : invited )

[ were est ici passé hypothétique de be ],

 

would you wear that?

 

Luann

by Greg Evans

Gocomics

December 04, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What would you do

if I pushed your snowman over?

 

Peanuts

by Charles Schulz

Gocomics

January 08, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire explicative en BD

 

parler du passé temporel / chronologique

 

 

 

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