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learning > anglais > réviser les bases > grammaire explicative en BD > GV
faire une négation, dire non, refuser
beverbe / beauxiliaire
doauxiliaire
haveverbe / haveauxiliaire
auxiliaire modal (can, will, must...)
+
not
not est un adverbe de négation.
Il transforme une phrase affirmative :
I'm going to take drugs
en négative :
I'm not going to take drugs.
Forme pleine : not
Forme contractée : n't / 't
n't / 't s'accroche à l'auxiliaire :
I don't want to go shopping.
I can't sleep.
I don't want to see my hair in ponytails.
[ doauxiliaire + not + BV ]
For Better or For Worse by Lynn Johnston Gocomics February 23, 2014
I don't want to go shopping.
[ doauxiliaire + not + BV ]
For Better or For Worse by Lynn Johnston Gocomics October 06, 2013 http://www.gocomics.com/forbetterorforworse#.UlEo1RDfT4s
I don't believe it!
[ doauxiliaire + not + BV ]
Peanuts By Charles M. Schulz Gocomics January 15, 2012
I can't find it!
[ modal + not + BV ]
Freshly Squeezed by Ed Stein Gocomics December 28, 2013 http://www.gocomics.com/freshlysqueezed#.Ur52X_TuKAk
Négation > Verbes
doauxiliaire + not + BV
I don't want to do my homework now!
Cette séquence (suite de mots) est valable pour tous les verbes,
beauxiliaire + not
I'm not hungry.
définition > rappel :
la base verbale (BV) est la forme non conjuguée du verbe.
I don't want to do my homework now!
I don't even know what this book is about!
Don't we have a law against that?
Ginger Meggs by Jason Chatfield Gocomics October 02, 2011 http://www.gocomics.com/gingermeggs/2011/10/02
Smurfs and lawn gnomes don't look alike!
Big Nate by Lincoln Peirce Gocomics October 30, 2011 http://www.gocomics.com/bignate/2011/10/30#mutable_701648
présent > forme négative
doesauxiliaire à la 3ème personne du singulier (he / she / it, everyone, something...) + not + BV
It doesn't matter.
prétérit > forme négative
aucun risque d'erreur :
didauxiliaire à toutes les personnes + not + BV
Forme négative : didauxiliaire + not + BV
But, your honor, my client didn't steal those cars...
Forme affirmative : Prétérit du verbe irrégulier steal
He just stole the gas out of them!
Wayne Stayskal Cagle April 15, 2005 http://cagle.slate.msn.com/politicalcartoons/PCcartoons/stayskal.asp http://www.comicspage.com/stayskal/
We didn't have a TV.
We didn't have electricty or a radio.
We didn't have cinnamon either.
Pickle by Brian Crane GoComics November 20, 2016 http://www.gocomics.com/pickles/2016/11/20
négation
be > conjugaison > présent à la forme négative
singulier
I am / yousing are / he is / she is / it is + not + adjectif attribut = I'm not hungry
pluriel
we are / youplur are / they are + not + adjectifattribut = We're not happy.
A friend is NOT someone who takes advantage of you!
Peanuts By Charles M. Schulz Washington Post July 10, 2011
be + not + segment en -ing
I'm not going to take drugs, dad.
Freshly Squeezed by Ed Stein Gocomics March 28, 2014
I'm NOT trying to break them up!
Big Nate by Lincoln Peirce Gocomics October 14, 2011
I don't wanna go to bed! = I don't want to go to bed!
Aren't you gonna kiss me goodnight? = Aren't you going to kiss me goodnight?
I just don't
feel like
kissing you at all!
For Better or For Worse By Lynn Johnston Washington Post 3 July 2011
modal + not + base verbale
Cette séquence modalisée est facile à retenir :
ses trois éléments sont invariables.
Elle reste toujours la même à toutes les personnes :
I, you, she, he, it, we, they can do it.
Dans modal + not + base verbale les deux éléments du Groupe Verbal (GV) ne se conjuguent pas :
- un modal (can, may, will, would, must, should...) ne se conjugue pas :
I, you, she, he, it, we, they can do it.
- la Base verbale (BV) est la forme non conjuguée du verbe :
I, you, she, he, it, we, they can do it.
I can't sleep.
For Better or For Worse by Lynn Johnston Gocomics December 23, 2013 http://www.gocomics.com/forbetterorforworse#.UrfscvTuKAl
Nate, I won't lie to you.
[ won't = will + not ]
For Better or For Worse by Lynn Johnston Gocomics March 26, 2014
have > négation > 2 structures possibles
1 - have + not + got
présent
has à la 3e personne du singulier (he / she / it / somebody...) ou have aux autres personnes + not + got
prétérit
had à toutes les personnes + not + got
ou
2 - doauxiliaire + not + havebase verbale
présent
doesauxiliaire à la 3e personne du singulier (he / she / it) + not + have
prétérit
didauxiliaire à toutes les personnes + not + have
négation > autres exemples
Présent : I am not happy.
Prétérit : He was not rich.
Présent en -ing :
I'm not going to take drugs.
Présent en doaux :
I do not like it.
Prétérit :
Attackers did not know they were to die.
Expression du futur :
I will not see him.
Hypothèse :
I could not do it.
Present perfect :
I have not checked yet.
Négation > Not > Forme pleine ou contractée
Forme pleine : not
Forme contractée : n't
l'apostrophe "mange" le O de nOt
I've got some news you won't believe!
[ won't = will + not, à ne pas confondre avec wAnt et wEnt (prétérit du verbe irrégulier go ]
Dick Tracy by Joe Staton and Mike Curtis Gocomics February 24, 2014
The UK doesn't like foreigners.
(forme non contractée : does not)
He / She does not play the piano.
(forme contractée : doesn't)
I do not like them.
(forme contractée : don't)
I can't do this.
(forme non contractée : can not)
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Learning English > Grammaire en BD
Verbe be > Valeurs > Carte d'identité du sujet
prétérit temporel > question et réponse
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