|
|
|
learning > grammaire anglaise - niveau avancé
énoncés en be + -ing
sens et valeurs énonciatives
focalisation
zoom, gros plan, coup de projecteur, alerte
sur un fait important, indéniable
valeurs subjective, emphatique, prophétique, revendicative, démonstrative, explicative
majoration sémantique, proclamation, alerte, théâtralisation, dramatisation (mise sur le devant de la scène énonciative) persuasion, validation,
avec souvent une mise en avant de l'énonciateur / l'énonciatrice (notion d'autorité énonciative).
Cette mise en avant peut se doubler d'une forte implication des personnes
moi qui te parle / t'écris, je te donne / je te rappelle cette information importante, j'attire ton attention sur...,
attention, tu dois m'écouter / me lire, tu dois prendre conscience de...
+
sous-entendu possible :
je te somme de..., je t'enjoins de..., tu dois réagir / on doit réagir,
JESUS IS COMING
Campaign signs outside the polling location at South 11th & Willis Church of Christ in Abilene, Texas, on election day
Photograph: Johnathan Johnson for ProPublica and The Texas Tribune
Churches’ Role in Local Election Prompts Calls for Investigations West Texas voters rejected three conservative Christian candidates who sought to infuse religious values into local politics. But the campaign support the candidates received from local churches has prompted calls for state and federal probes. ProPublica May 16, 2023 5 a.m. CDT
https://www.propublica.org/article/
The Uber whistleblower: I’m exposing a system that sold people a lie
Droughts are hitting cattle ranchers hard – and that could make beef more expensive
September 1, 2022 NPR
Climate change is killing people, but there's still time to reverse the damage
Updated February 28, 2022 NPR
Highly Vaccinated Israel Is Seeing A Dramatic Surge In New COVID Cases. Here's Why
August 20, 2021 NPR
Climate Change Is Destroying My Country.
NYT June 23, 2021
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/23/
Covid is ravaging American jails and prison. - and inmates are rightly rising up
Asian-Americans Are Being Attacked. Why Are Hate Crime Charges So Rare?
[ présent passif -ing : be + being + -ed ]
Black Lives Matter is winning
Covid-19: why are some people losing their taste and smell?
Angelina Jolie: A Mother’s Strength
This year, I’m remembering my mom’s spirit, and the power of so many women I’ve met around the world.
The virus is winning
We knew the Coronavirus was coming, yet we failed
He is forcing them to choose between a paycheck and their health.
We’re Losing the War Against Bacteria, Here's Why NYT 8 April 2019
We’re Losing the War Against Bacteria, Here's Why Video NYT 8 April 2019
Bacteria are rebelling. They’re turning the tide against antibiotics by outsmarting our wonder drugs.
This video explores the surprising reasons.
YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OL8B1ZVLqSQ
In South Sudan, People Are Dying Of Hunger As Civil War Continues
Dans la proposition principale
- People Are Dying Of Hunger -
be + -ing contribue à donner à l'énoncé une tonalité théâtrale / un mode emphatique :
pour le journaliste, c'est l'information la plus importante (Civil War Continues est une information contextuelle).
Ce n'est pas forcément un scoop (breaking news), mais avec be + -ing le journaliste fait un "gros plan", alerte ses lecteurs sur la famine dans ce pays.
Dans la proposition subordonnée de temps
- As Civil War Continues -
le présent simple sert ici à donner, sans affect, ce fait / cette information brute :
il y a une guerre civile au Soudan du sud.
Dans l'énoncé ci-dessous, le journaliste part d'un autre parti-pris, en choisissant de rester neutre, informatif et factuel : les deux propositions sont au présent simple.
Doing it all wrong: Hite on sex and subjugation G Friday April 28, 2006
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/apr/28/
Let's talk about sex It's 30 years since she first alerted men and women to their problem with sex but, says Shere Hite, we're still not doing it right. Will she ever tire of investigating the female orgasm? She talks to Catherine Bennett G Friday April 28, 2006
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/apr/28/
The Guardian p. 8 28 February 2007
The Guardian p. 13 26 February 2007
The Guardian p. 31 15.2.2007
The Guardian p. 26 3 March 2007
The Guardian p. 15
9 February 2007
29 August 2005
23 May 2005
30 December 2004
7 March 2005
The Economist - North America Edition 26 February 2005 https://www.economist.com/weeklyedition/2005-02-26
The Guardian p. 2 9 September 2005
The Guardian p. 22 10 September 2004
The Guardian p. 3 5 April 2006
The Guardian G2 p. 26 8 February 2006
The Guardian p. 16 11.3.2006
The Guardian p. 8 10 March 2006
The Guardian p. 5 10 March 2006
Met chief tells politicians: you are putting us in an impossible position
Martin Kettle Wednesday November 16, 2005 The Guardian
Britain's most senior police chief will tonight call for a wide-ranging debate on the kind of force the country needs after the London bombings in July. The Metropolitan police commissioner, Sir Ian Blair, will use the annual Dimbleby lecture on BBC1 to argue that the terrorist attacks in the capital on July 7 have changed the nature of the policing challenge. Talking to the Guardian ahead of the lecture, Sir Ian warned that without a change in the way policing is debated, there is a danger of "drift" into further political controversies like last week's Commons row over 90-day detention powers. Controversial modern police strategies such as armed response, which resulted in the shooting of Jean Charles de Menezes in July, are developing in a "totally private" environment dominated by the police themselves. "We need to come into a place where we can discuss these issues in reasonable, compassionate debate. They can't go on being private," he said.
Met chief tells
politicians: you are putting us in an impossible position,
Focus The Anglo-Saxons are coming!
Today's vote
Sunday May 29, 2005 The Observer
Jacques Chirac's rousing call to arms on Friday, warning French voters they have 'a part of Europe's destiny in their hands,' may have swung today's referendum, persuading the French to say 'oui' to Europe's new constitution - but, whatever the outcome, the tussle between the French establishment and the 'non' camp has laid bare profound differences about Europe's economic future.
Chancellor Gordon Brown optimistically announced last week that he hopes to use
Britain's presidency of the European Union, in the second half of this year, to
press for deeper 'structural reforms'. Brown believes his EU partners should
copy UK plc in making their labour markets more flexible, encouraging
competition, and throwing open their markets to foreign competition.
Headline, sub and first §§,
Britain [ is ] 'sliding into police state'
The home secretary, Charles Clarke, is transforming Britain into a police state, one of the country's former leading anti-terrorist police chiefs said yesterday.
George Churchill-Coleman, who headed Scotland Yard's anti-terrorist squad as they worked to counter the IRA during their mainland attacks in the late 1980s and early 1990s, said Mr Clarke's proposals to extend powers, such as indefinite house arrest, were "not practical" and threatened to further marginalise minority communities.
Mr Churchill-Coleman told the Guardian: "I have a horrible feeling that we are sinking into a police state, and that's not good for anybody. We live in a democracy and we should police on those standards.
Britain 'sliding into
police state' ,
Comment who is leading a new English revolution
The Belmarsh ruling was not simply a judicial rush of blood to the head
Martin Kettle Tuesday December 21, 2004 The Guardian
England is living through revolutionary times. Yet the man who is leading this English revolution is barely known to the public at large, maintains a modest profile even when he is fulfilling his public duties, and could pass unremarked in almost any street in the land as he does his Christmas shopping. Last week's law lords ruling in the case of the Belmarsh detainees provided a rare lightning flash illuminating the much wider revolution that Lord Bingham is currently crafting in the English constitution. His fellow law lords may have provided more quotable and even questionable comments as they delivered their eight to one verdict against the home secretary's powers of executive detention under the anti-terrorist laws. But it was Lord Bingham's scrupulously balanced and argued 47-page lead judgment that nailed the central legal challenge to the government's door. To realise just how radically the relationship between the judiciary and the government is now changing, it is important to understand how a previous generation of law lords responded to a similar issue of executive detention. The difference between what the law lords said then and what the law lords say now underscores how big an event took place last week.
The radical who is
leading a new English revolution:
Britain is conniving in torture
Prisoner abuse cannot be justified on moral or utilitarian grounds
but torture is very much on the minds of British officials these days. Not whether the practice should be condemned. On the contrary, whether it should be used here. There are many in high places who believe it should.
Headline, sub and §1,
'No one came in to clean it. Three weeks later the blood was still lying on the floor'
For any pensioner, the prospect of surgery in hospital is worrying, but for Bob McReight it is terrifying. The 75-year-old had to have a leg amputated after contracting MRSA at the old Royal Infirmary in Edinburgh. Four years later, his wife Margaret, now aged 68, was in the same hospital and she also caught the disease. She still has problems walking. Mr McReight now has problems with his elbows. He says the prospect of returning to hospital, albeit another one this time, is shattering for both him and his wife. "I am dead scared to go in. But I won't go if they won't let me come home. I am not staying in after the operation. If they are not going to do that, I am not going. I don't trust those people," said the retired lorry driver yesterday.
Headline and first
§§,
The woman who is taking on Wal-Mart
Betty Dukes, a California supermarket worker, is leading the biggest civil rights lawsuit in US history
Headline and sub,
We're losing the malaria battle
A Chinese plant extract offers hope, but only if Britain is prepared to act decisively, writes Sarah Boseley
Headline and sub,
How trains, planes and parties are driving Britain barking mad
Noise pollution is the new curse of urban living. Nicholas Pyke reveals the UK's worst offenders
The temperatures are rising and so are the tempers. Down countless streets the thud of bass through open car windows, the shrieks of thoughtless open-air party-goers and the high-volume sound of a TV or music centre are fraying the nation's nerves as never before. The decibels of summer are the new urban menace, and Britons are no longer prepared to suffer in silence. Headline, sub and
§1, IoS, 23.5.2004,
ID cards are beginning to look like Blunkett's Iraq
There may be a case for this scheme, but saying 'trust me' isn't enough
Headline and sub,
Comment page,
Unemployment time bomb is ticking inside list of benefit claimants
University team says dole queue is far longer than ministers claim
Headline,
The Guardian p. 18 19 February 2005
Middle East diplomacy At least they're thinking of talking
Beirut Despite the bloody stalemate between Israel and the Palestinians, Arabs elsewhere are trying to think up peaceful ways of breaking it
Headline and sub,
Help, they're poisoning us.
To the owners and managers of Union Carbide Corporation: You have known for 15 years that the soil and water at your Bhopal factory are poisoned and that this poses a serious threat to the groundwater and thus to our drinking wells. You never warned us. We found out only after a court in New York ordered you to hand over secret documents. Bhopal medical appeal / Pesticide action network ad, p. 13, 28.2.2004. Photo : trois enfants au regard triste, dont deux fixent l'objectif.
Abbey's standard variable rate is changing
The Bank of England have changed their interest rate, so we're changing our standard variable rate of interest for mortgages. Abbey ad, G, p. 11, 17.2.2004.
Smothered by cover: why are borrowers paying for protection they don't need? It's big business for banks but bad news for millions of consumers. Sam Dunn investigates loan insurance Headline
and sub, I, 7.3.2004,
Ministers are breaking the law
Lord Woolf, the Lord Chief Justice, infuriated the Government last night by condemning asylum reform as a threat to the rule of law and calling proposed constitution changes "second-class"
Headline and sub, T web frontpage,
The Guardian p. 9 10 September 2004
enquêtes journalistiques
titre, sous-titre, information principale
Lorsque le sujet de l'article n'est pas une information "qui tombe", mais le résultat d'une enquête, d'une recherche exclusive, d'une réflexion, et donc d'un engagement personnel du / de la journaliste, le titre, le sous-titre ou la première phrase est souvent au présent en be + -ing.
Traduction explicative : moi-journaliste-auteur et personne d'autre, j'ai enquêté sur ce sujet et je suis en mesure de vous apprendre que / de vous affirmer que / de vous expliquer pourquoi...
A cet valeur d'engagement personnel peut s'ajouter une valeur emphatique :
22 November 2004
Guardian p. 22 19 April 2005 Comment page
Annual cost of a child's toys: £715
Polly Curtis Friday June 10, 2005 The Guardian
Parents are spending an average of £715 a year on toys for each of their children, [ reformulation du titre = anaphore textuelle + effet emphatique ]
despite resenting having their arms twisted, according to new research. Merchandise tied to the latest blockbusters, such as the Star Wars Millennium Falcon and Superman figurines, are the least popular with parents. Some 17% of those questioned said they resented buying film and TV merchandise for their children, a further 14% said they did not like buying dolls and teddies, and another 14% said they opposed buying more traditional board games and puzzles. Collectively, parents are spending £8bn a year on toys and games, amounting to an average of £37 a month plus £175 for Christmas and £96 for birthdays per child. By the age of 16, children have owned more than £11,000 worth of toys, according to the survey of 1,000 parents commissioned by the internet bank Egg.
Headline and first
§§,
Class Matters Richest Are Leaving Even the Rich Far Behind
Published: June 5, 2005 The New York Times By DAVID CAY JOHNSTON
When F. Scott Fitzgerald pronounced that the very rich "are different from you and me," Ernest Hemingway's famously dismissive response was: "Yes, they have more money." Today he might well add: much, much, much more money. The people at the top of America's money pyramid have so prospered in recent years that they have pulled far ahead of the rest of the population, an analysis of tax records and other government data by The New York Times shows. They have even left behind people making hundreds of thousands of dollars a year. Call them the hyper-rich.
Richest Are Leaving
Even the Rich Far Behind,
She's Winning Her Drug War By ANDREW POLLACK
Jim Wilson/The New York Times
A bookworm since childhood, Susan Desmond-Hellmann says that she coped with job anxiety earlier this year by reading. She pored over the results of old clinical trials of her company's drugs, trying to reassure herself that three important new trials would turn out all right. "I just kept going back and rereading them," said Dr. Desmond-Hellmann, the president for product development at Genentech, the big biotechnology company. "It's important to be data-driven and not too optimistic." Her attention to data has paid off. In the last two months, Genentech has reported remarkable success in all three trials, involving two of its cancer drugs. The successes follow a 17-month period ended late last year in which the company had four new drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, a notable hot streak in the drug industry. At a time when many pharmaceutical companies are flailing in their efforts to develop drugs - a major factor in the abrupt resignation on Thursday of Merck's chief executive, Raymond V. Gilmartin - Genentech has become a model of innovation and a leading supplier of cancer drugs. And Genentech executives and outside analysts say much of the credit goes to Dr. Desmond-Hellmann, who runs the company's clinical trials. A cancer specialist by training who is invariably described as smart, friendly, level-headed and attuned to the feelings of patients, she is one of the few women in the uppermost echelons of the pharmaceutical business and on Fortune magazine's list of the 50 most powerful women in business.
She's Winning Her
Drug War,
We're paying the price of living longer
With 70,000 people a year selling their home to meet care costs, Esther Shaw asks how the state intends to avert a crisis
Anyone with an elderly parent knows that deciding to move him or her into a care home is one of the toughest decisions they will ever make. And financial worries may well add to the stress, for most families in this situation will have to face the question of how their relative's care is to be paid for. Under current rules, people with capital of more than £20,000 - including the value of their home - must pay the full cost of their own long-term care. This is no easy feat, given that residential or nursing home places currently cost on average around £25,000 a year. Research from Help the Aged's Care Fees Advice Service shows that 70,000 older people are forced to sell their homes each year to raise the necessary cash. It's the only option left for one in five pensioners who need to go into care, the charity's report says. Not only that, but the number of elderly homeowners affected will increase over the coming decades, as nursing costs soar and life expectancy rises.
Headline, sub and first §§, The Independent
online edition, 6.2.2005,
Women Are Gaining Ground on the Wage Front
By LOUIS UCHITELLE Published: December 31, 2004
Ever since the 2001 recession sent the economy into a prolonged period of weak hiring, hundreds of thousands of men and women have gone through some variation of Tom and Marie DeSisto's experience.
Women Are Gaining
Ground on the Wage Front,
From Essex to NYC: why Angel J is learning to do it for herself
This weekend Angel J is choosing between a tempting array of major recording contracts. Not bad for someone who started the year as just another teenager from Essex with a troubled academic record and some excess attitude. Since then she has been visited by a series of top A&R men from New York who are considering launching the 18-year-old in a city that is notoriously difficult for British artists to break into.
Headline and §1,
Microsoft Sep 2nd 2004
Microsoft's increased focus on security is having unintended consequences
Economist, headline and sub, 2.9.2004,
Are British taxpayers getting value for money?
Health and education are improving but not by enough to quell worries about whether taxpayers are getting value for money Web frontpage headline, E, 8.7.2004.
The Guardian p. 20 Comment page
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/nov/09/
mise en avant de l'énonciateur / l'énonciatrice, avec forte implication des personnes qui reçoivent l'information (we) :
We're Seeing A Spike In Workplace Shootings. Here's Why
May 27, 2021 NPR
énonciation première
titres emphatiques au présent simple
28 December 2004
Certains titres emphatiques sont au présent simple.
Leur force sémantique est telle qu'une transposition en be + -ing serait inutile et créerait presque un faux sens (?!!! mais si, moi qui te parle je t'assure que...).
Nul besoin ici "d'en rajouter" avec be + -ing.
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
anaphores > implication du destinataire
légendes de photographies de presse
|
|
|
