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History > WW2 > 1939-1945
Axis powers, Germany, Europe > Antisemitism, Adolf Hitler, Nazi era, Holocaust / Shoah, Samudaripen
German Resistance to Hitler
Count Claus von Stauffenberg Mail Online 26 June 2007
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-464429/
German Resistance to Hitler
Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus
Countess Freya von Moltke
1911-2010
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jan/07/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jan/05/
Lion Feuchtwanger 1884-1958
Lion Feuchtwanger.
Photograph: Atelier Jacobi /ullstein bild, via Getty Images
Ninety Years Ago, This Book Tried to Warn Us NYT Oct. 6, 2022
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/06/
https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/culture-et-idees/180323/
https://www.nprillinois.org/2023-01-10/
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/06/
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/03/
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/oct/09/
https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/feb/25/
https://www.nytimes.com/1934/03/18/
https://www.nytimes.com/1933/03/21/
German Resistance to Hitler
Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus
July 1944 The Stauffenberg plot to kill Hitler
Count Claus von Stauffenberg 1907-1944
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/20/
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/10/
German Resistance to Hitler
Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus
Weiße Rose
In Munich in 1942, university students formed the White Rose resistance group.
Its leaders, Hans Scholl, his sister Sophie Scholl, and professor Kurt Huber were arrested and executed in 1943 for the distribution of anti-Nazi leaflets. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005208
Weiße Rose
Unter dem Decknamen „Weiße Rose“ verteilt eine Studentengruppe in München um die Geschwister Hans und Sophie Scholl, Christoph Probst, Willi Graf, Alexander Schmorell und Prof. Kurt Huber Flugblätter gegen die Nazis und verfasst Inschriften an Hauswänden.
Am 18. Februar 1943 werden sie verhaftet und wenig später hingerichtet.
Von links: Christoph Probst, Sophie Scholl und Hans Scholl, 1942. © SZ-Photo / AP Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales
https://www.in-die-zukunft-gedacht.de/de/page/68/epoche/131/
https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/21/
https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2005/oct/30/
https://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/
Traute Lafrenz 1919-2023
Traute Lafrenz in 1942. She helped the group known as the White Rose gain access to ink, paper and envelopes to produce political leaflets that urged Germans to turn against the Nazis.
Traute Lafrenz, Last Survivor of Anti-Hitler Group, Dies at 103 As a member of the White Rose, a small anti-Nazi resistance group, she used peaceful tactics to try persuading Germans to turn against Hitler. NYT March 10, 2023 12:52 p.m. ET
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/
last survivor of the White Rose, a resistance movement in Nazi Germany whose opposition to Adolf Hitler led to swift and ferocious Gestapo repression and the beheading of its leaders (...)
The White Rose was short-lived and never counted more than a few dozen members, most of whom were young and idealistic.
Ms. Lafrenz (who later in life went by the name Traute Lafrenz Page) carried political leaflets and helped the group gain access to ink, paper and envelopes to produce and disseminate its anti-Hitler tracts, and to urge Germans to turn against the Nazis.
But the response to its activities, peaceful as they were, seemed to betoken the profound intolerance displayed by the Third Reich to any hint of opposition among Germans, even as it pursued the extermination of European Jewry and what it called “total war” against its adversaries.
As the German Army faced crushing losses at Stalingrad in 1942 and 1943, the White Rose sensed mistakenly that military reverses would turn Germans against Hitler.
The group’s fliers, quoting from Goethe, Schiller, Aristotle, Lao Tzu and the Bible, urged passive resistance and sabotage of the Nazi project.
(...)
While Ms. Lafrenz was a medical student in Hamburg, she met Alexander Schmorell, a central player in the White Rose, who introduced her to the leaders of the group, the siblings Hans and Sophie Scholl, when she moved to Munich to continue her medical studies in the early 1940s.
Other leading players included Christoph Probst, Willi Graf and the group’s older mentor, Kurt Huber, a professor of philosophy who was committed to liberal democracy.
The Scholls and others had been members of youth groups organized by the Nazis.
Some of the men in the White Rose were drafted as medics to the Russian front and, passing through Warsaw on the way, witnessed the far-flung horrors of Germany’s hunger for “Lebensraum,” or living space, and racial exclusivism.
The White Rose’s leaflets began appearing in the summer of 1942, but the project faltered in February 1943 with the arrest of Sophie and Hans Scholl, who were distributing fliers in a university building in Munich when Jakob Schmid, a janitor, spotted them and tipped off the Gestapo.
Four days after their arrest, on Feb. 18, 1943, they were executed.
Ms. Lafrenz attended her friends’ funeral, even though it was conducted under Gestapo surveillance.
Other members of the White Rose followed the grisly trail to execution;
they were among an estimated 5,000 people beheaded under a revival of the use of the guillotine ordered by Hitler.
The beheadings continued until January 1945.
Ms. Lafrenz, inevitably, was arrested in March 1943.
(...)
Ms. Lafrenz spent the rest of the war either in prison, under investigation or trying to dodge the Nazis as the Allies pushed into Germany from the west and the east.
But as late as April 1945, officials of the Nazis’ People’s Court continued their efforts to crush the last vestiges of resistance.
Ms. Lafrenz and others were set to go on trial in the prison at Bayreuth, in southern Germany.
“They were at risk of the death penalty,” the Germany tabloid Bild Zeitung reported after interviewing Ms. Lafrenz in August 2018.
But just days before the trial was scheduled to start — and weeks before the end of the war — the United States Army liberated the prison and she was saved.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/
ARTIST
Geiss, Karl, artist Der Arbeiter im Reich des Hakenkreuzes
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
1 poster : color, facsimile ; 79.5 X 112 cm
1932
München : Poster is a reproduction from the book "Anschläge : deutsche Plakate als Dokumente der Zeit, 1900-1960 ; 122 Blatt in den Druck- und Papierfarben der Originale,"
cataloged in the LBI Library under call number r (f) DD 232.5
A7 1963. Poster shows a stylized image of a man tied to a swastika. The figure has red skin and blue pants, and the figure's thin body is shirtless. Text on the top and bottom of the image
is in a stylized red
and blue font.
Political campaigns, Germany; Elections, Germany; Posters,
Facsimiles
Posters, German, 1930-1940 Anschläge: Deutsche Plakate als Dokumente der Zeit 1900-1960,
r (f) DD 232.5 A7 1963
https://www.lbi.org/griffinger/
Related > Anglonautes > History > 20th century > WW2 (1939-1945)
France, Switzerland > Resistance
Related
German History in Documents and Images GHDI
https://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/
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