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History > 20th century > Cold War > USA, Vietnam
Kent State massacre Ohio May 4, 1970
The four students killed that day at Kent State, clockwise from top left, Allison Krause, Jeffrey Miller, Sandra Scheuer and William Schroeder.
Photograph: Getty Images and Laura, via findagrave.com
Four Students Were Killed in Ohio. America Was Never the Same. The Kent State shootings marked the end of the 1960s, and the beginning of our era of political polarization. NYT May 4, 2020
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/04/
May 4, 1970 file photo, Ohio National Guard soldiers move in on war protesters at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio, on 4 May 1970.
Photograph: AP
How the Kent State massacre marked the start of America's polarization G Mon 4 May 2020 07.00 BST Last modified on Mon 4 May 2020 07.18 BST
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/may/04/
A Kent State University student reacts to the death of a protester killed by national guardsmen during the anti-war protest.
Photograph: Bettmann/Bettmann Archive
How the Kent State massacre marked the start of America's polarization G Mon 4 May 2020 07.00 BST Last modified on Mon 4 May 2020 07.18 BST
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/may/04/
Mary Ann Vecchio kneels over the body of the student Jeffrey Miller, who was killed by Ohio National Guard troops during an antiwar demonstration at Kent State University on May 4, 1970.
Photograph: John Paul Filo Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.
Four Students Were Killed in Ohio. America Was Never the Same. The Kent State shootings marked the end of the 1960s, and the beginning of our era of political polarization. NYT May 4, 2020
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/04/
Related > George Floyd Killing - 25 May 2020 https://www.gocomics.com/stevebenson/2020/06/02
May 4, 1970
Ohio
Kent State massacre
Photograph: John Filo Associated Press
Wikipedia caption: John Filo's iconic Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph of Mary Ann Vecchio, a fourteen-year-old runaway, kneeling over the dead body of Jeffrey Miller after he was shot by the National Guard. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_State_shootings
added 2 September 2007 http://www.uiowa.edu/~policult/assets/VietNam/KentState.jpg http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=364x1098949
On May 4, 1970, after a weekend of student rallies against the expansion of the Vietnam War into Cambodia — an R.O.T.C. building was set afire during the protests — National Guardsmen called to the campus by Gov. James A. Rhodes shot into a crowd of demonstrators, killing four students and wounding nine others.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/us/
The killing of four white students (...) brought the anti-Vietnam protests global attention.
The killing of black students at the same time went unnoticed.
(...)
28 soldiers opened fire on anti-Vietnam war demonstrators, letting loose 67 bullets in just 13 seconds.
Four students were killed, nine wounded
(...)
A majority of Americans sided with the national guard because, whatever the country’s feelings about an increasingly unpopular war, the protesters had come to represent something much more objectionable.
Fairly or not, the students were increasingly seen as allied with violence in an age of riots and revolutionary groups including The Weathermen and a faction led by Sam Melville that, between January 1969 and the Kent State massacre, committed 4,330 bombings against federal buildings and corporations in the US, killing 43 people.
(...)
Two years earlier, police in South Carolina opened fire on African American students at the state university in Orangeburg protesting against racial segregation in the town.
The police arrived well armed, including some who brought shotguns from home loaded with buckshot for killing deer.
They left three African Americans in their teens dead and 27 other people wounded.
In contrast to Kent State, the killings received little national press coverage.
Federal prosecutors charged nine of the police officers with using excessive force but they were acquitted after claiming students shot even though there was no evidence.
The only person to go to prison over what became known as The Orangeburg massacre was Cleveland Sellers, a student rights leader who was shot in the shoulder and later convicted of rioting.
(...)
Kent State wasn’t the end of such killings either.
Eleven days later, Mississippi police fired hundreds of shots at students killing two and wounding 12.
Again, the police claimed to have come under fire but federal investigators found no evidence of it.
A presidential commission investigating campus unrest concluded that the police fusillade at Jackson State “was an unreasonable, unjustified overreaction”.
But Sellers, author of My Vanishing Country, said those killings are largely forgotten because of who died.
“Kent State is a story that people know, people can learn from, whereas Orangeburg and Jackson, because they happened on black college campuses, are stories that go untold,” he said.
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/may/04/
Johnny Marr, musician:
Not many people know that you were at Kent State University when the National Guard shot and killed four students (the subject of the Neil Young song Ohio). That must’ve have been insane. What are your thoughts about that time?
Chrissie Hynde:
That’s a huge subject, Johnny. I was there; I heard the shots. I was right in the middle of it and I knew one of the guys that got killed. We were protesting at Nixon invading Cambodia.
Was it a defining moment for me?
Well, I already knew I wanted to move on.
I knew I was never going to finish school, that I was just biding my time [to get away].
But if I’m honest, my lasting thoughts on that whole wider situation is that all of us hippies were conned, in some ways, by the peace and love thing.
During the Vietnam war there was a draft system, and if you were in university, you didn’t get drafted.
My dad had been a marine in the war and my parents were hard-working ordinary people.
They didn’t go to university, but they worked to put me there.
All of us who were against the war, we were in the university, but the kids whose parents couldn’t put them there were in Vietnam.
That is what us hippies didn’t see. We’d see Green Berets coming back from Vietnam, you know, and we’d be shouting and giving them the finger and everything. Now I’m ashamed of that.
Those kids were 19, like me, but they didn’t have a choice.
Looking back, I realise I was conned and got it wrong. No politician sent their own kids to Vietnam. If they’d had to, they would have thought differently about it.
You ask the questions Chrissie Hynde: ‘I’m more relaxed now. Ageing is like being a pothead again’ The Pretenders frontwoman and punk pioneer takes questions from Observer readers and famous fans on her relentless creativity spanning half a century, rethinking her hippy youth, and her cruelty-free farm G Sun 6 Aug 2023 08.00 BST Last modified on Sun 6 Aug 2023 08.45 BST
https://www.theguardian.com/music/2023/aug/06/
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Anglonautes > History > 20th century
USA > Vietnam > Vietnam War 1962-1975
Vietnam war opponents > USA > The Berrigans
Vietnam war opponents > USA > Daniel Ellsberg
Richard Milhous Nixon 1913-1994 37th President of the United States 1969-1974
Civil rights > USA > Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968)
Anglonautes > Arts > Photography
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