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History > USA > Civil rights > School desegregation
1950s-1960s
Oct. 1, 1962
James Meredith is the first black student to be admitted to the University of Mississippi / Ole Miss., a bastion of the Old South.
TITLE: Integration at Ole Miss[issippi] Univ[ersity]
SUMMARY: Photograph shows James Meredith walking to class accompanied by U.S. marshals.
MEDIUM: 1 negative : film.
CREATED/PUBLISHED: 1962 Oct. 1.
CREATOR: Trikosko, Marion S., photographer.
REPOSITORY: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA DIGITAL ID: (digital file from original) ppmsca 04292 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.04292 http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@1(ppmsca+04292)) http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/084_civil.html The Civil Rights Era in the U.S. News & World Report Photographs Collection Selected Images from the Collections of the Library of Congress
TIFF > JPEG by Anglonautes
Related
https://www.npr.org/2012/10/01/
Oct. 1, 1962
The town of Oxford erupted.
It took some 30,000 U.S. troops, federal marshals and national guardsmen to get James Meredith to class after a violent campus uprising.
Two people were killed and more than 300 injured.
Some historians say the integration of Ole Miss was the last battle of the Civil War.
It was a high-stakes showdown between President Kennedy and Mississippi Gov. Ross Barnett.
"I'm a Mississippi segregationist and I am proud of it," the governor declared.
Publicly, Barnett promised to block Meredith from the campus in Oxford, despite a federal court order.
Privately, he was on the phone trying to strike a compromise with Kennedy.
While Barnett wanted to save face by defending Mississippi's segregationist laws, the president told him he had a responsibility to uphold federal law.
"What I'd like to do is for this to work out in an amicable way," Kennedy said to Barnett in a phone call.
"We don't want a lot of people down there getting hurt."
By Saturday, Sept. 29, 1962, Kennedy was deploying federal marshals to Oxford, and Barnett was making a fiery speech at an Ole Miss football game.
"I love Mississippi! I love her people, our customs," he said.
"I love and I respect our heritage."
History professor Chuck Ross, director of the African-American Studies Program at Ole Miss, says the speech "was almost like firing on Fort Sumter in 1861."
"A call to arms ... 'We're getting ready to be invaded, we really want you as a Mississippian, a white Mississippian, to respond,' " Ross says.
On Sunday night, hundreds of white students and protesters from around the region flocked to campus and moved toward the Lyceum, the stately columned building where Meredith would register.
"Marshals surround the Lyceum. They begin to use tear gas. People begin to throw rocks and bottles," Ross says.
"Things just go totally chaotic when it becomes dark, and that's when people begin to shoot."
Kennedy activated the Mississippi National Guard and called in Army troops from Memphis, Tenn.
By dawn Oct. 1, the riot was quelled and marshals escorted Meredith to his first class, American history.
https://www.npr.org/2012/10/01/
https://www.npr.org/2012/10/01/
https://www.npr.org/sections/pictureshow/2012/10/01/
Oxford, Mi
African-Amer. student James Meredith accompanied by two US Marshalls, surrounded by jeering white students after registering for entry at Univ. of Mississippi.
Location: Oxford, MS, US
Date taken: September 1962
Photographer: Francis Miller
Life Images http://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?imgurl=0fd8329c2e729067
Two people (were) killed and at least 75 injured in rioting at the University of Mississippi campus in Oxford.
Hundreds of extra troops (were) brought in to join Federal forces already stationed in the nearby town of Oxford as the violence spread to its streets.
The protesters (were) angry at the admission of James Meredith, a black American, to the university.
Rioting erupted (...) as President Kennedy addressed the nation in a televised broadcast urging a peaceful settlement to the dispute over racial segregation. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/1/newsid_2538000/2538169.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/1/
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/6/
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