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grammaire anglaise > prépositions
during + N, for + N
différents sens
during (pendant, durant, au cours de) + N
for (pendant, durant, au cours de) + N + proposition au passé
'For years I was regarded as a joke' (passépassif dans cet énoncé)
during + événement, période, époque
(durée non quantifiée, sauf exceptions)
during + N
during
the pandemic
the coronavirus crisis
the 2016 election
a combat operation
Hurricane Katrina
the war
the Civil War
World War II
President Bush’s first term
an immigration protest rally
the first half of the East Regional final
the May 9 raid near Samarra, Iraq
his news conference
a recent interview with The New York Times
the second round of the CA Championship
a search for suspects
their arraignment
the trial
that trip
the weekend
during
+
déterminant (the, a) + quantificateur + N
during the five-month period between October and February
during a three-day pre-auction showing
during a three-day pre-auction showing
during a 63-minute press conference
during
+
N avec déterminant (a) + adverbe (nearly) + quantificateur
during a nearly three-hour visit to the medical center
during
+
N
during WWII
during
+
N avec adverbe (almost) + quantificateur
Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, who has died [ present perfect actif ] at the age of 101, was [ passé ] the Mother Earth and Mother Courage of her family during almost 80 years of public life. A life of legend, duty and devotion, GE, p. 10, 1.4.2002,
https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/apr/01/
during ≠ for
for + durée
for ø years
for ø decades
for
+
quantificateur (ø, a, three, five, several, many, a few, etc.)
+
N
Eat For 10 Hours. Fast For 14. This Daily Habit Prompts Weight Loss, Study Finds December 8, 2019 6:00 AM ET NPR
https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/12/08/
for / in (pendant, durant) + durée quantifiée + GV au passé ou au présent perfect
In Turnabout, Infant Deaths Climb in South
April 22, 2007 The New York Times By ERIK ECKHOLM
HOLLANDALE, Miss. — For Ø decades [ durant / pendant plusieurs décennies ], Mississippi and neighboring states with large black populations and expanses of enduring poverty made [ passé actif ] steady progress in reducing infant death.
But, in what health experts call an ominous portent, progress has stalled [ present perfect actif ] and in recent years the death rate has risen [ present perfect actif ] in Mississippi and several other states. In Turnabout, Infant Deaths Climb in South, NYT, 22.4.2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/health/22infant.html
≠
for (depuis) + durée + Groupe Verbalpresent perfect
I haven't seen him for Ø years
Traductions explicatives : Je ne l'ai pas vu depuis des années, Ca fait des années que je ne l'ai pas vu
for (pendant, durant) est suivi d'un quantificateur (for Ø / four / many months).
La quantification peut être indéterminée et sous-entendue (quantificateur Ø), ou imprécise :
For a time [ traduction explicative : pendant un certain temps, un temps ],
the police gave [ passé actif ] the data to the City Council with some regularity. But the frequency of the reports slowed, and in February 2006, the department released data for the third quarter of 2003. Then, the flow of data stopped. Until yesterday. But city leaders came under criticism as well for failing to more forcefully demand the data. “The City Council has failed to ensure that the Police Department is producing the reports, as required by the statute” said Christopher Dunn of the New York Civil Liberties Union. “As a result, it has not been doing any monitoring of stop-and-frisk activity, which was the very point of the statute.”
Number of People Stopped by Police Soars in New York, NYT,
3.2.2007,
Voir aussi > quantification indéterminée > ø + N
during + quantificateur + N est considéré comme agrammatical (*)
* During five decades, Brakhage made nearly 380 films, most of them shot in 8mm or 16mm, and ranging in length from nine seconds to four hours. Stan Brakhage obituary, GE, p. 12, 15.3.2003.
Par contre, la séquence during + quantificateur + N + préposition + N est considérée
correcte :
During 12 days at the station, the shuttle astronauts performed five spacewalks, a number previously seen only during Hubble Space Telescope servicing missions. Three of the excursions were needed to assemble Dextre and the others to deploy experiments, examine a malfunctioning rotary joint on a truss holding solar power panels, and stow a long shuttle-inspection boom that the Discovery will retrieve and use on the next shuttle mission.
Space Shuttle Completes 16-Day Mission, and Lands,
Familiar Disputes Face US - Russia
June 14,
2007
WASHINGTON (AP) -- A U.S.-Russian dispute over a missile shield in Eastern Europe is too complicated to be resolved during two days of talks next month between President Bush and President Vladimir Putin, a Kremlin spokesman said Thursday. Familiar
Disputes Face US - Russia, NYT, 14.6.2007
During ten years in Downing Street, Tony Blair won three general elections, waged five wars and reinvented the way Britain is governed. G, 10.5.2007.
"These are objects that were growing to planethood, but something stopped that process of growth mid-gestation," Stern said. "It left us these fossil relics." During five months prior to New Horizons' closest approach to Pluto and for one month after, scientists hope to collect information about Pluto's surface and its ethereal atmosphere, which is shedding into interstellar space like the tail of a comet. The probe will be moving too fast to slow down and enter into orbit around Pluto. Rather, after an extensive study of Pluto, its primary moon Charon and two other recently discovered small moons, New Horizons is expected to position itself to encounter at least one other, still-to-be-determined Pluto-like world. NASA counts down
to Pluto probe launch, R, Mon Jan 16, 2006 6:55 PM ET,
prépositions > during / for (pendant, durant)
autres énoncés
For decades, wealthy shoppers were forced to avert their eyes from the architectural carbuncle of Bowater House as they swept in and out of Harvey Nichols. As the London property market burnt white hot, developers realised that the stunning views afforded from this unloved 1950s office block, marooned amid some of the world's most desirable real estate, were wasted on the ordinary mortals who laboured within.
Property: Demand 'off
the scale' for £84m Hyde Park penthouse, I, 8.2.2007,
The Met Office issued an early warning of severe weather. A statement said: "The Met Office is expecting a period of heavy snow to develop across south-west England and much of Wales during Wednesday night and this is expected to extend across the Midlands, London, the south-east and East Anglia during Thursday morning. "There is also a risk that the snow will extend into parts of northern England for a time before dying away from all areas during Thursday afternoon."
Britain faces heaviest
snow in years, G, 6.2.2007,
During a check of the parking lot, an officer followed Mrs. Nowak and watched her throw away a bag containing the wig and a BB gun. They also found a steel mallet, a 4-inch folding knife, rubber tubing, rubber gloves, $600 in cash, love letters — all in bags and in her car, the police said. During the July shuttle mission last year, Mrs. Nowak’s tasks included operating a robotic arm. Commander Oefelein served on a mission by space shuttle Discovery in December.
Astronaut Charged
with Attempted Kidnapping, NYT, 6.2.2007,
The cold also brought calls for help from car owners faced with dead batteries and frozen locks. ''During the weekend, 10,000 motorists called for assistance. And that's a record in recent years,'' Nancy Cain, spokeswoman for AAA Michigan, said Monday. 'This morning we've already had 300 calls for help.''
Below - Zero Temps
Close Schools, NYT, 5.2.2007,
For 70 years, [ for + N + proposition au passé > for = pendant / durant ]
until his death two years ago, and long after the Internet became commonplace, Mr Powell systematically and compulsively made contact with other ham radio operators in at least 151 countries. The Lure of
Amateur Radio In a World Before the Web,
The public dressing down for Mr Blair came during a 63-minute press conference staged by the two men at Mr Putin's private residence outside Moscow. We are not with you and we don't believe you, GE/GE2, p. 1, 30.4.2003.
During the early 1970s, T Rex was one of Britain's pop music sensations, inspiring "T Rexstacy" in teenage audiences. Mickey Finn, GE, p. 12, 18.1.2003.
During the 80s, growing international horror at the injustices of apartheid prompted a proliferation of boycott campaigns. Power to the people, GE Review, p.4, 20.12.2002.
Out of harm's way: A team of US medics ducks below the blades of a Blackhawk rescue helicopter during a training exercise yesterday in the northern Kuwaiti desert Photo caption, Thousands join US cyber-rehearsal for war, T, p. 4, 09.12.2002.
1,440,500 Indians fought for Britain during the first world war An empire at war, Soldiers of the empire, GE2, p. 7, 6.11.2002.
Tony Kaye earned a reputation for eccentric behaviour during his time as a commercials director in Britain. Losing it, GE2, p. II, 25.10.2002.
« He just hopes he won’t be interrupted during the speech he plans to deliver in front of the judges. » Milosevic stands trial before the world, GW, p. 1, 14/20.2.2002.
But during the past few weeks there has been growing evidence of... Afghans
still dying as strikes go on. But no one is counting,
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
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