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learning > grammaire anglaise - niveau avancé
sens et valeurs énonciatives
marqueurs
-ing
participe-ing > portée
N + participe-ing = GN complexe
children + being born with three biological parents = children being born with three biological parents
Scientists are seeking permission to carry out experiments that would result in children being born with three biological parents. UK medical authorities say they will almost certainly approve the application in the next few weeks.
-ing > participe-ing > portée >sens
catégorisation, détermination, description, information supplémentaire...
Lorsqu'elle vise N, la séquence-ing a une fonction qualificative / descriptive ou déterminante.
Cette qualification peut être d'ordre :
- permanent :
- contingent (circonstanciel, provisoire, éphémère) : 3-4-5-6, Une, photo d'actualité et publicité
1 - For many, it is a region set apart from the rest of the north, let alone the rest of England; fiercely proud, often parodied, sometimes insular and over-romanticised - and suspicious of a capital 300 miles away where many still trek for work.
Stretching across mountain, moor, national park and spectacular countryside from the Tweed to the Tees, with a dialect in its heartland that many cannot fathom - it has a distinctive heritage and culture going back to St Cuthbert, an emerging patron saint who underpinned the identity of the old Northumbrian kingdom.
Northern exposure:
2 - A life-size nude by Lucian Freud of one of the world's most admired and photographed women will go on sale next year.
Lucian Freud's Naked Portrait 2002 shows a pregnant Kate Moss draped over a bed, her head resting lightly on her left arm.
With rounded belly and a discreet little fold of skin beneath her right breast, this is a magnificent, voluptuous, flesh-and-blood Moss, hardly the wispy, ethereal creature she often appears in photographs.
Her face recedes into the background and her calves are prominently displayed; this is Moss as few have ever seen her. £3m
estimate on Freud portrait of Kate Moss,
3 - Four days before the US presidential election, a new videotape of Osama bin Laden surfaced yesterday, with the al-Qaida leader admitting responsibility for the first time for the September 11, 2001 attacks, and threatening new strikes against America.
Bin Laden warning to America,
4 - Excluding the costs of the legal settlement, third-quarter earnings exceeded analysts' estimates.
"Si l'on voit les choses de telle manière", les revenus se définissent ainsi : third-quarter earnings exclude the costs of the legal settlement (énoncé théorique / non formulé).
5 - Arafat Opens Eyes, Communicating - Israeli Report
Sat Nov 6, 2004 03:18 AM ET
JERUSALEM (Reuters) - Palestinian President Yasser Arafat has partially emerged from his coma in a French hospital, opening his eyes and communicating with his doctors
[ ces participes -ing qualifiants visent Nsujet ] ,
an Israeli newspaper Web site said Saturday citing Palestinian sources
[ participe-ing, relatif à la proposition GNsujet + V n Israeli newspaper Web site said, ce participe apporte apporte une information supplémentaire d'ordre circonstanciel ].
YNET, the Web site of the leading Israeli daily Yediot Ahronoth, quoted a senior Palestinian official who visited Arafat overnight as saying the president had regained some control of his limbs and was seen moving in bed
[ 1 - se rapporte à a senior Palestinian official who visited Arafat overnight .
2 - le participe ing qualifiant moving in bed qualifie the president ] .
Friday, Palestinian envoy Leila Shahid said Arafat was in a "reversible coma," countering earlier reports that he had been declared brain-dead by doctors at the French hospital to which he was admitted with a stomach illness last week
[ le participe-ing met en contexte l'information contenue dans la proposition subordonnée complétive Arafat was in a "reversible coma,"
Traduction explicative : , démentant ainsi... ] .
Arafat Opens Eyes, Communicating - Israeli Report,
6 - WASHINGTON (Reuters) - With the U.S. economy picking up steam,
[ moi-journaliste, je vous donne l'état de l'économie américaine, sa principale caractéristique.
picking up steam est un participe-ing non déterminant / non catégorisant : the U.S. economy est auto-déterminé, il fait sens tout seul. ]
the year's fourth straight interest-rate hike looked like a certainty at Wednesday's meeting of the Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee, economists said. Fed
Seen Likely to Raise Interest Rates, R, Wed Nov 10, 2004 02:03 AM ET,
Readying for an expected attack on Falluja, Iraq, United States marines practiced loading ambulances Friday near the insurgent-held city.
NYT 6 November 2004
https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/06/
The Guardian p. 29 13 October 2005
Clé de voûte discursive, le participe-ing déterminant est indispensable car il participe au sens de l'énoncé.
Il ne peut donc être ni déplacé, ni supprimé
Postposé au nom (postposé = placé après), le segment-ing fait partie intégrante d'un N complexe.
En 2, children est déterminé par being born with three biological parents.
L'ensemble forme le N complexe children-being-born-with-three-biological-parents
2 - Scientists are seeking permission to carry out experiments that would result in children being born with three biological parents. UK medical authorities say they will almost certainly approve the application in the next few weeks.
Babies with three parents ahead,
3 - Her story is harrowing - and familiar to many in Cambodia. HIV infection rates in the country of 12 million people are just under 3 per cent, the highest in Asia.
Almost everyone sitting in the clinic corridor has the virus.
Aids, the new killer in the fields:
4 - WASHINGTON (Reuters) - A pharmacology professor testifying in the U.S. government's $280 billion suit against the cigarette industry said on Monday he quit working as an expert witness for a tobacco trade group after it pressured him to be more of an advocate.
Professor Says Pressured
to Be Tobacco Advocate,
5 - Australian police investigating the death of a British tourist whose body was found in the Outback today believe she may have got lost while trying to walk 20km back to her hotel at night.
Outback tourist 'may
have got lost',
Le participe-ing a souvent une valeur adjectivale : il qualifie un nom.
Lorsque c'est le cas, un simple déplacement suffit à le transformer en adjectif, antéposé au nom qu'il contribue à déterminer (§ 1) :
Kerry leaves Bush scowling [ participe -ing ]
John Kerry was yesterday widely declared the winner of the first presidential debate, after an aggressive performance left a scowling [ adjectif-ing ] President George Bush sometimes groping for words.
Headline and §1,
Quake Measuring 6.4 Hits Central Iran
[ participe -ing, qualifie / catégorise quake ]
TEHRAN, Iran (AP) -- A powerful earthquake shook central Iran on Tuesday, destroying villages and killing at least 14 people, state-run television reported. An official in the city of Kerman said the powerful 6.4-magnitude killed at least 14 people and scores of others were injured, according to the broadcast.
Headline and first §§,
Rappel :
Le participe-ing est appelé "participe" parce qu'il participe à / dépend d'un / renvoie à N :
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - President Bush and Democratic Sen. John Kerry traded attacks in New Mexico on Monday, with Bush saying Kerry fundamentally misunderstands the war on terror and Kerry charging the president favors the rich and powerful over the middle class.
[ ces 2 participes-ing ne déterminent pas N : en 2004, tous les lecteurs / lectrices savent qui sont Bush et Kerry ]
Kerry, Bush Trade Charges in New Mexico, R, Mon
Oct 11, 2004 03:50 PM ET,
Illustration ci-dessous :
the Smart-1 spacecraft <- leaving Earth for the moon
An artist's impression of the Smart-1 spacecraft leaving Earth for the moon
[ ce participe-ing ne détermine pas N : il apporte une information circonstancielle relative à N ]
The Guardian p.13 8 September 2004
VANCOUVER, Wash. (Reuters) - Scientists tracking renewed earthquake activity at Mount St. Helens [ tracking renewed earthquake activity at Mount St. Helens détermine / catégorise scientists ] raised their warning level on Saturday to a Level 3-Volcano Alert, signaling a second eruption may be brewing. Eruption
Warning at Mount St. Helens -- Scientists, R, Sat Oct 2,
2004 07:42 PM ET,
participe-ing
≠
séquence nominale-ing autonome
équivalences théoriques
Un participe-ing peut déterminer N.
Ci-dessous, dealing with abuse vise et détermine medics.
L'ensemble forme le GN complexe catégorisant medics-dealing-with-abuse.
Equivalence théorique de Protecting children : The fact of protecting.
Protecting children puts doctors at risk
Threats and violence face medics dealing with abuse
Threats, violence and unjustified complaints against doctors and other health professionals are driving them out of the area of child abuse,
[ séquence Nsujet + be + -ing ]
leaving vulnerable children potentially unprotected,
[ participe-ing leaving vulnerable children potentially unprotected : information supplémentaire, effet, conséquence de l'information contenue dans la proposition principale Threats, violence and unjustified complaints against doctors and other health professionals are driving them out of the area of child abuse, ]
surveys showed yesterday.
Headline, and sub,
sémantisme détermination syntaxe style
séquence difficilement / non déplaçable
Woman Ironing 1955 Fermin Rocker 30cm x 43cm ( approx 12" x 17" ) Watercolour / Gouache http://chambers.clockend.co.uk/view_piece.html?pieceID=108 http://chambers.clockend.co.uk/ http://www.guardian.co.uk/arts/news/obituary/0,12723,1335959,00.html
1 - Déplacer entering Israel, qui vise et détermine 4 militant, créerait un contre-sens :
??? Entering Israel Israeli Soldiers kill 4 militants.
Un participe-ing déterminant n'est pas mobile, puisqu'il fait partie intégrante d'un N complexe : 4 militants entering Israel.
1 - Israeli Soldiers Kill 4 Militants Entering Israel
Sat Oct 2, 2004
01:33 AM ET
Israeli troops shot dead four Palestinian gunmen who were infiltrating Israel's border with northern Gaza, witnesses said, as the army continued a wide-scale offensive in the area to weed out rocket launchers. A military source said soldiers had received earlier information about militants who planned to infiltrate into southern Israel and carry out an attack in a town in the area. Troops spotted four gunmen wearing explosives belts cutting through the border fence, and killed them, the source said. Headline and first §§,
R, 2.10.2004,
Polls show the race is extraordinarily close, with a flurry of surveys showing a dead heat nationally and contradictory polls indicating most of the 10 hardest fought battleground states could tip either way. Bush and
Kerry Face Verdict of Voters, R, Tue Nov 2, 2004 01:31 AM ET,
Last week's seizure of material belonging to anti-globalisation websites could have serious consequences for citizen publishers. Bobbie Johnson reports Heavy hand of the
law,
Occupants of car seen near shooting are urged to 'look in mirror', amid call to protect bystanders giving evidence School leads
mourning for gun victim,
Along with a Wisconsin 'cheesehead' cowboy hat, a young woman wears a shirt showing her support for the Republican Party during a rally for President George W. Bush in Milwaukee, November 1, 2004. Bush and Democratic nominee John Kerry are making a final push through a handful of crucial swing states today in a last-ditch hunt for the votes that could break open a deadlocked White House race.
Photo by Kevin Lamarque/Reuters.
Kerry, Bush Make Final Bid in Key States, R Mon Nov 1, 2004 11:30 AM ET
http://www.reuters.com/
An Iraqi man is brought to the hospital after a car bomb exploded in Mosul October 5, 2004.
British Foreign Secretary Jack Straw made a surprise visit to Iraq on Tuesday, with violence and kidnapping overshadowing plans for elections in January. [ conséquence, effet ]
Photo by Ceerwan Aziz/Reuters
Tue Oct 5, 2004 10:09 AM ET
http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml;jsessionid=
Pylons carrying electricity from BE-owned Sizewell B power station, Suffolk.
The Guardian p. 21 22 September 2004
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
séquence -ing -> portée > proposition (SVO) >
-ing > valeur adjectivale d'un segment-ing
-ing > question > valeur > présupposition
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
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