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Vocapedia > Media
> Journalism > Censorship
Al Goodwyn Editorial Cartoons
Al Goodwyn
political cartoon
GoComics
October 2, 2022
https://www.gocomics.com/algoodwyn/2022/10/02
free press UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2004/jan/01/
worlddispatch.johnaglionby
free press > The Sixties
UK
https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2006/oct/08/
2
free press USA
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/15/
opinion/editorials/free-press-local-journalism-news-donald-trump.html
4th estate USA
https://www.gocomics.com/algoodwyn/2022/10/02
control of news USA
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/28/
business/media/behind-the-scenes-billionaires-growing-control-of-news.html
proprietors > editorial control
UK
http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/jul/27/
newspaper-owners-editorial-control
Richard Desmond UK
https://www.theguardian.com/media/
richard-desmond
press freedom UK
https://www.theguardian.com/media/
press-freedom
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/oct/27/
leveson-press-regulation-steve-coogan-david-mitchell
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/jan/07/
pressandpublishing.television
press freedom
USA
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/12/
obituaries/murray-fromson-champion-of-press-freedom-dies-at-88.html
freedom of information UK
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/
freedomofinformation
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/oct/30/
mondaymediasection.freedomofinformation1
free speech
USA
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/19/nyregion/
herald-price-fahringer-a-defender-of-free-speech-dies-at-87.html
USA >
New York Times v. Sullivan
Decision
Date: March 9, 1964
Freedom of the press:
libel and slander
Background:
In 1960, the New York Times
ran a full-page advertisement paid for
by civil right activists.
The ad openly criticized
the police department
in the city of Montgomery, Alabama
for its treatment of civil rights protestors.
Most of the descriptions in the ad
were accurate,
but some of the statements
were false.
The police commissioner,
L. B. Sullivan,
took offense to the ad
and sued the New York Times
in an Alabama court.
Sullivan argued
that the ad
had damaged his reputation,
and he had been libeled.
The Alabama court
ruled in favor of Sullivan,
finding that the newspaper ad
falsely represented
the police department and Sullivan.
After losing an appeal
in the Supreme Court of Alabama,
the New York Times took its case
to the United States Supreme Court
arguing that the ad was not meant
to hurt Sullivan's reputation
and was protected
under the First Amendment.
Decision:
The United States Supreme Court
unanimously ruled in favor of the newspaper.
The Court said
the right to publish all statements
is protected under the First Amendment.
The Court also said
in order to prove libel,
a public official must show
that what was said against them
was made with actual malice
– "that is, with knowledge
that it was false
or with reckless disregard for the truth."
https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/
supreme-court-landmarks/new-york-times-v-sullivan-podcast
https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/
supreme-court-landmarks/new-york-times-v-sullivan-podcast
censorship
censorship of financial information
UK
https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/nov/10/
pressandpublishing.business
ban
ban
gag order
issue gagging
order
gag the press / a newspaper
legal gag
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/nov/24/
pressandpublishing.usnews
be gagged
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/mar/03/uk.media
gag
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/jan/07/
bigbrother.channel4
prior restraint injunctions -
forcing a
newspaper or broadcaster
not to run a story
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/mar/07/
pressandpublishing.partyfunding
the right to know
UK
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/mar/07/pressandpublishing.partyfunding
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/mar/07/politics.pressandpublishing
http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/dec/21/freedomofinformation.media
http://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/oct/30/mondaymediasection.freedomofinformation1
Related > Anglonautes >
Vocapedia
First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution 1791
media,
press, newspapers,
radio, podcasting, TV,
journalism,
photojournalism,
journalist safety,
free speech,
free press,
fake news,
misinformation,
disinformation,
cartoons, advertising
Internet
freedom / censorship
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