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learning > grammaire anglaise - niveau avancé
GV > auxiliaires > modaux
modaux en contexte / concurrence
will / would
shall / should
can / could
may / might
must
formes affirmative, négative, active, passive
The Guardian p. 18 1 December 2008 http://digital.guardian.co.uk/guardian/2008/12/01/pdfs/gdn_081201_ber_18_21347098.pdf
Rex Morgan Woody Wilson and Graham Nolan Created in 1948 by Nicholas P. Dallis 8.12.2004 http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/rmorgan/about.htm
Mark Trail Jack Elrod 5.7.2004 http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/mtrail/about.htm
The Guardian p. 10 26 October 2005
forme affirmative > actif
modal + Base Verbale
This is a historic breakthrough that could revolutionise medicine.
≠
forme affirmative > passif
2 structures
1.
modal + beauxiliaire non conjugué + verbeparticipe passé
they will be defeated.
2.
m
Fifty police officers have been arrested on suspicion of accessing hardcore child pornography from an American website that may have been used by up to 7,300 Britons, senior investigators admitted yesterday. 50 police among Britons held for child porn links GE, p. 5, 18.12.2002.
autres énoncés
This is a historic breakthrough that could revolutionise medicine. A woman with multiple sclerosis, for example, could use one of her own eggs and have a piece of her skin used to extract DNA, which could then be put into that unfertilised egg - and cells could be derived that might cure her of MS. At this point, we cannot know how long it will take to deliver this breakthrough to people with diseases and disabilities. I wouldn't want to speculate with a number, because you're bound to be wrong. If you say two years, if you say 10 years - both are likely to be wrong. Oversight will be absolutely crucial - there is the potential for abuse, and the technology of cloning should never be used to reproduce human beings.
What
slippery slope?:
The cancellation of a spate of flights to the US at the weekend followed "serious and credible" intelligence of a possible terrorist attack, British officials familiar with the reports said yesterday. The travelling public should prepare for more inconvenience. Well-placed Whitehall sources suggested that flight cancellations will happen "from time to time" as intelligence agencies concentrate on the threat from al-Qaida. Warning to travellers: expect more cancellations: 'Serious and credible' intelligence grounds flights, G, 2.2.2004, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2004/feb/02/ theairlineindustry.terrorism
I also have a message for all Americans: The capture of Saddam Hussein does not mean the end of violence in Iraq. We still face terrorists who would rather go on killing the innocent than accept the rise of liberty in the heart of the Middle East. Such men are a direct threat to the American people, and We've come to this moment through patience and resolve and focused action. And that is our strategy moving forward. The war on terror is a different kind of war, waged capture by capture, cell by cell, and victory by victory. Our security is assured by our perseverance and by our sure belief in the success of liberty. And the United States of America will not relent until this war is won. May God bless the people of Iraq, and may God bless America. Thank you.
A dark
and painful era is over:
British Airways may revive its merger talks with American Airlines if regulators approve the planned merger announced last week between Air France and Dutch carrier KLM.
American is back in BA's sights:
Mr Holland's idea is that a conscious robot would have to build up internal models - one for the "self" of the robot and another for the world around it. Humans do this kind of evaluating almost without thinking. In order to be able to plan realistically, for example, we need to know not only what our physical limitations are (what we could do) and what is the best choice if we consider our options (what we should do) but also what we are likely to choose (what we would do).
Will fact match fiction as
scientists start work on thinking robot?,
A lot can happen in nine months. House prices can rocket. And levels of sympathy for the homeless can plummet. How else do you account for the fact that a baby can be born to a child living rough right on our expensive doorsteps? The cold fact is no-one noticed her condition. No-one took the trouble. She was just moved on. And on. And on. It's no use blaming society as a whole. We find it too easy to excuse ourselves from society as a whole. The only under-evaluation we should be worried about is in the belief that our attitudes can make a difference. Big issue ad,
This is the dramatic design chosen to replace the World Trade Center destroyed in the 9/11 terror attacks. A huge shard-like spire will form the focal point of the angular development in New York. Soaring to 1,776ft, the spire will be the world's tallest inhabited building. It will contain a dramatic "vertical garden" packed with exotic plants, including a section of rain forest. The glass design by architect Daniel Libeskind will preserve the seven-acre pit that formed the Twin Towers' foundations. The area will become a memorial to the 2,800 who died when terrorists crashed two hijacked jets into the WTC. The design also incorporates two squares, placed so that they will be flooded with sunlight at the time of the attacks every September 11. The design, chosen from a shortlist of nine, will take ten years to build and cost £330 million. New-Look New York, S, p. 25, 28.1.2003.
You may want something, you might not get it. BBC Radio 4, Today, 13.1.2003.
At first glance, they may not seem like big spenders. But retailers would be wise not to underestimate the power of the preteens - who have a combined income of £1billion a year. £1bn power of the tweenagers, DM, p. 19, 15.1.2003.
The snowfalls of the past week may be just a taster of what is to come, if the latest predictions from scientists are correct. Thaw in Greenland threatens new ice age, GE, p. 7, 11.1.2003.
France's Atlantic coast could be swamped with oil from the sunken tanker Prestige within days after high winds tore up an oil slick out at sea and pushed it closer to shore, local authorities said yesterday. French coast braces for oil disaster, GE, p. 9, 4.1.2003.
Can literature change the world? Or should it be above the concerns of society? Philip Pullman argues that while writers have wider duties, they must be faithful servants of their stories Voluntary service, GE2, p. 13, 28.12.2002.
One of the world's longest-running and most brutal wars may be near an end after Indonesian diplomats and rebels from the northern province of Aceh signed a peace agreement yesterday. Indonesia pact only a starting point, T, p. 13, 10.12.2002.
Fifty police officers have been arrested on suspicion of accessing hardcore child pornography from an American website that may have been used by up to 7,300 Britons, senior investigators admitted yesterday. 50 police among Britons held for child porn links, GE, p. 5, 18.12.2002.
Coffee can brew anxiety People who become anxious after a cup of coffee may be suffering a genetic reaction to caffeine, new research has found. Headline and 1st §, T, p. 11, 9.12.2002.
The Prime Minister still believes that he can take Britain into the euro. Hardly anyone else in his government thinks he can do it
Sub headline, Why
Tony didn't laugh at Gordon's joke,
Bush may act today to install economic team Headline, T / Business, p.1, 9.12.2002.
Global warming may cause coastal damage as sea levels rise.
Photo caption, How Much Climate Study Is
Too Much,
Justin Cartwright's new novel, White Lightning (Sceptre), may well be his finest - in an already formidably accomplished oeuvre. Personal best, GE, p. 13, 7.12.2002.
The U.N. Security Council, toughening demands made at the end of the Gulf War in 1991, said Iraq must declare any weapons violation by Sunday.
U.S. says evidence
on Iraq is 'solid':
Muscle and flesh of cattle and sheep may harbour deadly levels of prions that cause variant CJD. This stark prospect, raised by the Nobel Prize winner who first discovered that these infective particles can cause brain illnesses, suggests eating meat may still pose a serious health risk. Eating meat 'may still pose risk' of CJD, O, p. 1, 1.12.2002.
Big brother will be watching America: Giant information (system) to track movements of potential terrorists Headline:sub headline, GE, p. 7, 23.11.2002.
How seriously should you take the dates printed on food labels? The great sell-by con, GE2, p. 14, 7.11.2002.
'The crunch is the crunch. We cannot carry on with the IRA half in, half out of this process. It won't work any more.' Moment of truth for the IRA, T, p. 1, 18.10.2002.
Mr Blair is right : Irish republicans must abandon violence now Headline, I, p. 18, 18.10.2002.
"If you were a kid and you drew a car, a space age car, this would be it" Megane car ad, I, p. 16-17, 18.10.2002.
« I would like to reassure parents that we have taken all the necessary precautions to help ensure the safety of their children. If this were not the case I would not hesitate to keep the school closed. » School closed over Legionnaire’s fear, GE, p. 3, 5.9.2002.
You would provide strategic direction in the development of sporting facilities, programmes, support services, external partnerships and fundraising. You will also provide effective management of a team of staff, overseeing the design, development and use of facilities for both staff and students. You should hold a degree and postgraduate management qualification, have experience of managing staff and sports facilities as well as specialised knowledge in one or more sports. You must also have the ability to market the service. This role requires a flexible approach to working, it may include evenings and weekends. Director of sport appointment, Coventry University, GE, G2, p. 15, 13.3.2002.
Hopes that Britain’s troubled manufacturers may be on the road to recovery were given a boost yesterday after a key industry index rose to its highest level for more than two years. Hopes lift for manufacturing recovery, DT, Sport pullout, p. 35, 2-5-2002.
It will be a showery day across most of the UK. Many places will have a dry and largely sunny start but slow moving, occasionally heavy, showers will become widespread as the day progresses. Weather forecast, I, review pullout, p. 23, 2-5-2002.
Will ne sert pas seulement à exprimer le futur : Will > présent
The west’s fragile stock markets could be plunged into fresh turmoil by a campaign to topple Saddam Hussein over the coming months, the International Monetary Fund warned last night. War will hit markets hard, warns IMF, GE, p. 4, 13.13.2002.
modaux > traduction > cas particuliers
He might be a parrot-loving ecologist, but as the new director of Friends of the Earth, Tony Juniper knows that his cuddly environmental organisation must toughen up and get political if it is going to help save the planet 'Everything must change', GE/G2, p. 4, 17.02.2003.
Traduction de might be ci-dessus : Il a beau être ...
We've heard all the moral arguments against attacking Iraq, but there's a military one too. We just haven't got enough soldiers, writes David Ramsbotham. And he should know - he's a veteran of Borneo and the Gulf war The thin khaki line, GE/G2, p. 4, 18.02.2003.
Traduction explicative : Et s'il y en a un qui sait de quoi il parle...
Joe Dawes only looks as big as a house. In reality he is far larger, and well capable of stopping a bus or a tank should he choose. Yesterday he chose to stop Kent in their tracks.
Dawes' late double strike thwarts Kent's confident advance,
Traduction explicative :
En réalité il est bien plus grand / imposant, et s'il le voulait / si l'envie lui en prenait, il pourrait arrêter / serait tout à fait capable d'arrêter un bus ou un tank.
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
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