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learning > grammaire anglaise - niveau avancé
-ing
attention, un "-ing" peut en cacher un autre !
formes nominales, adjectivales, participes, be + -ing
Cave paintings! [ GN-ing
Amazing! [ adjectif-ing ]
We've been officially notified that a dam is being constructed and that in six months much of the estate will be under water [ séquence passive en be + -ing -- along with the Waziri village and this cave's paintings! ] GN-ing
Tarzan Edgar Rice Burroughs GoComics January 21, 2024 https://www.gocomics.com/tarzan/2024/01/21
adjectif-ing
1 - NEW YORK (Reuters) - Most Americans are planning to curb their holiday spending this year. making it a challengingadjective shoppingadjective season for U.S. retailers, according to a holiday buyingadjective survey by The NPD Group.
Survey: U.S. to Rein in Holiday Spending,
≠
participe-ing
≠
nom-ing
≠
séquence nominale-ing
their holiday spending
≠
énoncés en be + -ing
be + -ing
Most Americans are planning to curb their holiday spending this year.
have been + -ing
America has been bracing itself for the release of Fahrenheit 9/11,
modal + be + -ing
At teatime today, as they do most weekdays, a fair share of those with leisure on their hands will be flopping down with a cup of tea and a biscuit and tuning into A Place in the Sun.
séquence -ing déterminante
Increasing [ adjectif-ing ] numbers [ nom ] seeking new life abroad [ segment déterminant-ing : en déterminant le nom numbers, ce segment est nominalisé et devient partie intégrante de la séquence nominale-ing autonome Increasing numbers seeking new life abroad ]
N -ing
Testing a new jeep is a dirty job
autres énoncés
The Guardian p. 11 12 February 2007
The Guardian p. 32 13 January 2007
The Guardian p. 15 15 April 2006
The Guardian p. 3 22 October 2004
The Guardian p. 2 22 October 2004
Steve Roper and Mike Nomad Fran Matera 23 November 2004 24 November 2004 http://www.kingfeatures.com/features/comics/sroper/about.htm
1 - NEW YORK (Reuters) - Most Americans are planning to curb their holiday spending this year. making it a challengingadjective shoppingadjective season for U.S. retailers, according to a holiday buyingadjective survey by The NPD Group.
Survey: U.S. to Rein in Holiday Spending,
Enoncé causal en be + -ing :
Most Americans are planning to curb their holiday spending this year.
Cette séquence -ing a absorbé un groupe nominal-ing their holiday spending.
Segment participe -ing à valeur conséquentielle (conséquence / effet de la cause exprimée dans l'énoncé en be + -ing.)
Ce segment est une insertion, encadrée par des virgules :
, making it a challenging shopping season for U.S. retailers ,
Ce segment contient un groupe nominal : a challenging shopping season for U.S. retailers.
Adjectif (s) en -ing : challenging + shopping + N (season)
Groupe nominal en fonction adjectivale - holiday buying - dans le groupe nominal complexe a holiday buying survey.
2 - Double détermination du groupe nominal clinical evidence, en premier par un adjectif-ing (increasing), en second par un segment-ing déterminant : increasing clinical evidence linking cannabis use to mental illness.
2 - Increasing numbers of people are becoming dependent on cannabis, The Observer has learnt. Department of Health figures show that drug centres are reporting growing [ adjectif-ing ] numbers coming to them with problems related to the drug. Nine per cent of all those attending clinics cited cannabis as the main reason they were attending, rather than any of the other drugs they were using, twice as many as a decade ago. With a separate study by the World Health Organisation showing that one in five 15-year-olds in Britain smokes cannabis - more than twice the world average - there is concern that many are becoming addicted to the drug earlier in life. Although government experts insist cannabis is non-addictive, there is growing [ adjectif- ing ] evidencesuggesting that regular users of high-strength varieties may develop a chronic dependence. There is also increasing [ adjectif-ing ] clinical evidence linking cannabis use to mental illness, particularly schizophrenia, psychosis, anxiety and depression. US research shows that 80 per cent of new cases of psychosis in some hospitals have been triggered by cannabis use. Someone who starts using cannabis aged 15 is at more than four times the risk of developing schizophrenia over the next 11 years than someone starting smoking the drug at 18. And 18-year-olds who have used cannabis at least 50 times have a seven-fold increased risk of developing psychosis in the next 15 years. Last month The Priory, one of Britain's leading [ adjectif-ing ] addiction treatment centres, responded to an increase in inquiries about cannabis dependency by publishing a new leaflet for users and their relatives. The group's medical director, Michael Rowlands, said: 'There is no doubt that cannabis is addictive and that we are seeing an increase in dependence, especially among the young and those smoking the stronger varieties of cannabis.
Alarm at rising cannabis
'addiction',
Falluja fighting continues
US marines were today battling insurgents attempting to return to the southern Iraqi city of Falluja, [ participe -ing > valeur ici > détermination de insurgents]
killing three militants [ participe -ing > valeur ici > conséquence]
as violence continued to flare across the Sunni-dominated heartland.
Headline and §1,
Disenchanted Britons head for the exit
Increasing [ adjectif-ing ] numbers [ nom ] seeking new life abroad [ segment déterminant-ing : en déterminant le nom numbers, ce segment est nominalisé et devient partie intégrante de la séquence nominale-ing autonome Increasing numbers seeking new life abroad ] [ segment en -ing déterminant ] At teatime today, as they do most weekdays, a fair share of those with leisure on their hands will be flopping down with a cup of tea and a biscuit and tuning into A Place in the Sun. Not, for those out of the loop, the classic weepie starring Montgomery Clift and Elizabeth Taylor, but Channel 4's hugely successful series which finds homes in exotic locations - Marrakesh is the destination today - for Brits who fancy a change of scene. New figures released by the Office of National Statistics yesterday suggest that such programmes are not simply a vicarious pleasure: a steadily increasing [ adjectif-ing ] number of British people - and not just elderly retirees - are actually packing their bags and moving abroad. According to the figures, 361,000 people left the UK last year. Of these, just under 191,000 were British, the highest level since the current method of collating the figures [ N -ing ] was introduced in the early 1990s. The ONS statistics show that in 1994 only 125,000 British people upped and went, a figure which increased steadily until the late 1990s when there was a slight drop. In 2000 161,000 people packed their bags, and in 2002 186,000 left. Of the 161,000, around a quarter were aged over 45 - and therefore likely to be members of the A Place in the Sun brigade. The other three-quarters, researchers believe, are made up primarily of adult workers moving abroad for a new challenge [ segment-ing déterminant ], or new posting [ groupe nominal ], and their families.
Headline, sub and first §§, G,
5.11.2004,
The chief constable of Humberside police who is refusing to resign in the face of stinging criticism over his force's handling of Ian Huntley
[ stinging : adjectif -ing ]
[ handling of Ian Huntley : N-ing ]
[ grammaire syntaxique : cette séquence fonctionne comme un groupe nominal complexe, sujet de received : The chief constable of Humberside police who is refusing to resign in the face of stinging criticism over his force's handling of Ian Huntley received... ],
received the backing of his boss today. The chairman of the Humberside police authority, Colin Inglis, said that chief constable David Westwood was being made a scapegoat for police failings that were identified in the Bichard inquiry.
[ grammaire syntaxique théorique : avant d'être intégré dans cette séquence-ing, police failings est un groupe nominal-ing ],
The inquiry yesterday highlighted the "deeply shocking" blunders [ shocking : adjectif-ing ],
made by both Humberside and Cambridgeshire police forces in their investigations of allegations of sexual offences committed by Huntley in Grimsby before he was appointed caretaker of Soham Village College.
Chairman
backs beleaguered police chief,
Washington was reported today to be considering offering North Korea a limited set of incentives to dismantle its nuclear weapons,
[ grammaire syntaxique théorique : avant d'être intégré dans cette séquence-ing, offering North Korea a limited set of incentives to dismantle its nuclear weapons, est un groupe nominal-ing ],
as the two nations headed into six-way talks aimed atpréposition averting a crisis over the arms programme.
'New offer' in Korean
nuclear talks,
Paying the price for instant loans
Business is booming for credit firms charging desperate customers up to 400% interest
[ grammaire syntaxique théorique > segment déterminant-ing : en déterminant le nom credit fiorms, ce segment participe-ing est nominalisé et devient partie intégrante du grouope nominale-ing catégorisant credit firms charging desperate customers up to 400% interest.
Catégorisant : juxtaposé à credit firms, ce segment participe-ing crée la catégorie des sociétes de crédit qui font payer à leurs clients désespérés des taux d'intérêt allant jusqu'à 400% : credit firms charging desperate customers up to 400% interest.
Ce groupe nominal complexe est ensuite intégré dans la séquence -ing booming for credit firms charging desperate customers up to 400% interest ]
Headline and sub,
He's been given a kicking [ groupe nominal-ing] at the local elections and was last night facing a bloody nose at the European polls.
So it's just the kind of cheerful news Tony Blair needs now: that the cinematic equivalent of a rottweiler, Michael Moore, is contemplating making the prime minister his next victim.
Fresh frompréposition savaging President George Bush in the critically acclaimed Fahrenheit 9/11, the filmmaker is now thinking aboutpréposition making a movie aboutpréposition Mr Blair and Britain's role in the war on Iraq.
"I personally hold Blair more responsible for this war than I do George Bush. The reason is, Blair knows better," Moore said in an interview with the Reuters news agency.
"Blair is not an idiot. What is he doing hanging around this guy?" America has been bracing itself for the release of Fahrenheit 9/11, which won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes film festival.
There has even been speculation that the film could help to tip the November US presidential election in favour of Mr Bush's rival, John Kerry.
Movie
rottweiler turns on Blair,
NEW YORK (Reuters) - U.S. stocks closed higher on Thursday, notching gains in a shortened week, as investors set aside worries about budding [ adjectif-ing ] inflation and a looming [ adjectif-ing ] interest-rate hike while they looked forward to a strong second-quarter earnings season.
Stocks Rise; End Quiet Week Higher, R, 10.6.2004,
Khalid Ali sat quietly looking towards the sun-baked golden dome rising from the shrine of the Imam Ali, almost refusing to notice the crowd of chanting [ adjectif-ing ] gunmen who danced through the street before him.
Gunmen rule in a city gripped with fright,
TERROR group al-Qaeda yesterday issued a chilling [ adjectif-ing ] warning [ N-ing ] to Western airlines.
OSAMA: WE'LL STRIKE PLANES, DMi, 8.6.2004,
The Guardian 20 May 2004
Voir aussi > Anglonautes > Grammaire anglaise explicative - niveau avancé
séquence nominale-ing autonome
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